Cell Theory Explain to students that to start the study of cells we have to learn about the foundations of cells and how they were discovered, as well as the development of technology that is used to study cells. In microscope ppt, will explain the development of better technology.

Vocabulary Key Concepts Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Organelle WHO is Responsible for coming up with the Cell Theory? WHAT IS THE CELL THEORY and how does it apply to living things? WHAT are the similarities and differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells? Vocabulary Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Organelle Mention the vocabulary and key concepts when talking about this slide.

Robert Hooke (1635-1703) English Scientist Developed the First Compound Microscope These first two scientist are important to the discovery of cells and development of the microscope.

Robert Hooke Looked at thin slices of cork Saw that there were small, hollow compartments that resembled the rooms that monks lived in. Developed the term “cell” Cork was dead cells so they were hollow, so that meant that he did not see the organelles that show how cells are living.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Dutch tradesman Ground lenses as a hobby and improved microscope Was the first to see living cells Microorganisms found in pond water Blood cells and his own teeth

Matthias Schleiden (1804-1881) German botanist Observed and proposed that all plants are made of cells The next three scientist were important to the development of cell theory. What does a botanist study? What are some things that you think are found in plant cells?

Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) German zoologist Saw structural similarities between animal and plant cells Determined animals are made of cells Stated all living things are made of cells. What is a zoologist? How does this discovery related to one of our characteristics of life? What do you think animal cells have?

Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) German Doctor Observed that cells reproduce from other cells Observed that animal cells are only found in animals and plant cells are only found in plants Do you know the name for the process of cell division? Why do you think that plants can only come from plants, and animals can only come from animals?

Cell Theory These three scientists discoveries led to the development of the cell theory. The 3 Parts of the Modern Cell Theory are: The cell is the basic unit of life All organisms are made of cells All existing cells come from other living cells Describe how what we are seeing in this list of cell theory tenants relates to what we know about life and biology in general.

Cell Theory Timeline 1674 1838 1839 1855 1665 Hooke-Identified cells Leeuwenhoek- Observed Living cells Schleiden- Plants are made of cells Schwann- All living things come from cells Virchow- All cells come from other cells This time line shows the details of when different discoveries were made related to cells. This should show students how big the gap was from the discovery of cells and microorganisms using the first microscopes, but then how technology improved led to better understanding of cell behavior.

Organization of Life Organism Organ Systems Organs Tissues Cells Use this to do a review of the organization of life so that students are covering this concept again.

Organization of Life Organisms can be unicellular or multicellular Multicellular organisms are organized into complex structures Multicellular organisms have specialized cells to perform a single function. What are some human cells specialized to do? Unicellular- Organisms composed of one cells, ex. Bacteria, and protozoa Multicellular- Organisms composed of many cells, including cells with different functions, ex. Humans, plants, fungi

Types of Cells Prokaryotic cells – primitive cells that have little internal structure. Eukaryotic cells – evolved from prokaryotic cells and contain numerous internal structures. Organelles – structures in the cell responsible for carrying out specific functions. “cell organs” What are some organelles found in cells and what are their functions? Pro=First Karyotic=Cell

Prokaryotic Cells Do NOT have nucleus or other membrane bound organelles DNA found in the cytoplasm Always unicellular Very simple in structure-Cell wall or membrane surrounding cytoplasm Earth’s most abundant organism Have a nucleoid region where dna is located Examples are bacteria

Eukaryotic Cells Arose from Prokaryotic cells Do HAVE a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. Nucleus contains DNA. Can be uni- or multicellular

Eukaryotic Cells Structure divided into 3 areas: NUCLEUS, CYTOPLASM, AND CELL MEMBRANE. Eukaryotic cells have numerous organelles

Unicellular vs Multicellular Unicellular- Organisms composed of one cells, ex. Bacteria, and protozoa Multicellular- Organisms composed of many cells, including cells with different functions, ex. Humans, plants, fungi