3.1 The Cell Theory VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPTS PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE Who were the Scientists that contributed to the cell theory? What are the parts of the cell theory? What are the 2 types of cells?
Robert Hooke (1635-1703) English scientist. Developed the first compound microscope.
Robert Hooke – Discovered CELLS In 1665, he used his microscope to look at cork cells. Hooke coined the term “cell” What he saw under the microscope reminded him of the living quarters of the monks (cells).
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Dutch curtain maker who ground lenses as a hobby. Improved and perfected the microscope. The first to observe living cells - (blood cells and bacteria from his teeth.)
Mathias Schleiden (1804-1881) German Botanist Observed that all plants are made up of cells.
Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) German Zoologist Observed that all animals are made up of cells.
Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) German Doctor The first to observe cells reproduce. Deduced that animal cells come only from animals, plant cells come only from plants.
The Cell Theory Cells are the basic units of life The observations of these scientists led to the cell theory. The modern cell theory has 3 parts: Cells are the basic units of life All living things are made of one or more cells. All cells come from preexisting cells.
Organization of Life Organisms can be uni-cellular (single-celled) or multicellular. Multicellular organisms are organized into complex structures. Multicellular organisms: have specialized cells to perform a single function. Ex. Red blood cells carry oxygen; muscle cells provide movement
Molecules COMBINE TO FORM
Cells Make up Red blood cells
Tissues Make up Cardiac muscle
Organs Make up Heart
Systems Make up Circulatory System
Organisms
POPULATIONS ________________________ ________________________ Make up ________________________ Make up ________________________ Make up ________________________
Types of Cells Prokaryotic cells – the first cells that have little internal structure. DO NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS Eukaryotic cells – evolved from prokaryotic cells & have “mini organs called organelles.” HAVE A NUCLEUS Organelles – structures in the cell responsible for carrying out specific functions. “cell organs,”
Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cells are always single-celled organisms. Ex. Bacteria Very simple structure – cell wall and membrane surrounding cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic Cells Can be single-celled or multicellular organisms. Ex. Algae (single) or plants (multi)
Eukaryotic Cells Structure divided into 3 areas: NUCLEUS, CYTOPLASM, AND CELL MEMBRANE. Eukaryotic cells have numerous organelles