Constructing the Speech Chapter 11

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Presentation transcript:

Constructing the Speech Chapter 11

5 Major Steps to Organizing a Speech 1. Creating a purpose statement 2. Finding the right organizational pattern 3. Outlining the speech 4. Choosing the language 5. Creating introductions and conclusions

Organizing the Speech 1. Purpose Statement A purpose statement summarizes the main idea or purpose of your speech It is similar to a thesis statement in an essay A good purpose statement: Tells the audience the topic of the speech Provides a guide to the organization or main points of the speech Gives the audience goal for the speech

Example Purpose Statement Soccer is a valuable extracurricular experience because it teaches athletic skills, keeps you in condition, and gets you involved with friends. By the end of the speech the audience will know why soccer is valuable.

Organizing the Speech 2. Patterns of Organization Most speeches have a 3 part structure Introduction Gains audience attention & tells topic and purpose Body Contains the main points Conclusion Summarizes the message and ends the speech in an interesting way

Organizing the Speech 2. Patterns of Organization for the body Time Order/Chronological order Space Order Chicago, Las Vegas, LA Process Order Explain the way something works or something is made Topical Order Pick a topic and divide into parts Ex: Las Vegas- Hotels to visit, Activities to participate in, Shows to see Problem-Solution Order (Cause/Effect) What is the problem and what is the solution

Organizing the Speech 3. Outlining Purpose is to help organize the speech Sentence outline Word outline

Organizing the Speech Outlining (Sentence) Our Dying Planet Pollution is a significant threat Sulfur emissions from power plants return to earth in acid rain. It deadens lakes. It kills fish. It destroys forests. Carbon dioxide builds up from the use of coal, oil, and gasoline. New deserts are forming in Africa. Floods are created. Farmland is diminishing

Organizing the Speech Outlining (Word) Our Dying Planet Pollution Problem Sulfur and acid rain Lakes Fish Forests Carbon dioxide Deserts Floods Farms

Organizing the Speech 4. Choosing the Language Choose appropriate language that fits with your speech If you do not know what words mean then do not use them in your speech Use synonyms for word you do not know

Organizing the Speech 5. Introductions, Conclusions & Transitions 1. Gain attention: Get the group interested. Startling Statement: Jessie is a normal 3-year old child except one thing-she is the victim of child abuse. She has already been hospitalized with broken bones 4 times in her short life Rhetorical question: What do Albert Einsten, Cher, and Tom Cruise have in common? They have all overcome dyslexia. Humor: A joke or funny statement. What ten-letter word starts with G-A-S? It’s automobile. And this year we may run short again Quotation: A quotation from a famous person can interest an audience

Organizing the Speech 5. Introductions, Conclusions & Transitions Introductions cont. Story: Many years ago, a stranger arrived in our town. He wore ragged clothes and carried a walking stick. Personal Experience: Example: Gives a vivid picture of topic. Anne Graves, age four, died from a gunshot wound to the chest. Her killer was shocked and heartbroken. He was her six-year old brother, who had found a loaded gun.

Organizing the Speech 5. Introductions, Conclusions & Transitions 1. Summarize your main points When you see a shark in the aquarium remember these points: (1) Humans have little to fear from sharks, (2) sharks provide us with material for medicines, and (3) sharks keep aquatic wildlife balance 2. Repeat your main goal 3. Provide a clear ending: Don’t leave the audience wondering whether the speech is over. Give a decisive final statement

Organizing the Speech 5. Introductions, Conclusions & Transitions Transitions are words, phrases, or sentences that form links between ideas Example: Radio has found a place in the sun again. In addition, we are witnessing the tremendous growth of cable television, which…

Organizing the Speech 5. Introductions, Conclusions & Transitions Example transitions between topics/paragraphs Meanwhile first, second,third Also Next in addition to For example to sum up Another point on the other hand In contrast in conclusion Furthermore finally therefore

Outline for Entire Speech Introduction Attention Getter Purpose Statement Topic Preview of 3 Points Audience Goal Transition Body Main Point 1 Main Point 2 Main Point 3 Conclusion Summary of 3 main points Restate Audience Goal Thank you