Aim: How can the digestive system malfunction?

Types Heartburn Ulcers Diarrhea Constipation Appendicitis Gallstones

Heartburn Acid from the stomach backs up into the esophagus (esophageal reflux) Treatment: Antacids

3

Ulcer Lining of the digestive tract becomes irritated and erodes. Caused by: H. pylori bacteria, stress, smoking, and some medications. Treatment: change diet, acid reducing drugs, antibiotics

Constipation Feces egested infrequently and with difficulty. Too much water is removed by the L.I. Treatment: medication and fiber.

Diarrhea Feces are watery and frequent Can cause dehydration Not enough water is absorbed by the L.I. Treatment: Medications

2

Appendicitis Appendix becomes inflamed due to infection Treatment: surgery & antibiotics

Gallstones Small deposits of cholesterol form hard stones that become trapped in the gallbladder Treatment: removal of gallbladder or the stones.

Alcohol Hepatitis Liver Disease Fatty Liver Alcohol use reversible Cirrhosis Alcohol abuse Scaring of liver Not reversable Hepatitis

Liver Disease Obstruction Gall stones trauma Liver cancer Hepatitis/cirrhosis metastasis Hemochromatosis Genetic Excess iron Symptoms: Jaundice Dark urine Swelling Pain