European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications Horizon 2020 Design Study for a future large Research Infrastructure EU funded preparation of Conceptual Design Report Duration 11/2015 – 10/2019 2nd such study in Horizon2020 EuPRAXIA R. Assmann, DESY

16 partners CONSORTIUM Coordinator: DESY/Helmholtz Association

16 partners CONSORTIUM 16 associated partners

CONSORTIUM 32 Public Research Institutions Private Industry *Associated membership of SLAC being finalized, documents at DOE **Possibility to add additio-nal associated partners if approved by collaboration board Private Industry Companies which have joined EuPRAXIA meetings  WP4 meeting on lasers L. Gizzi and F. Mathieu

A European Strategy for Accelerator Innovation PRESENT EXPERIMENTS Demonstrating 100 GV/m routinely Demonstrating GeV electron beams Demonstrating basic quality EuPRAXIA INFRASTRUCTURE Engineering a high quality, compact plasma accelerator 5 GeV electron beam for the 2020’s Demonstrating user readiness Pilot users from FEL, HEP, medicine, ... PRODUCTION FACILITIES Plasma-based linear collider in 2040’s Plasma-based FEL in 2030’s Medical, industrial applications soon

Plasma Accelerator Research Infrastructure for Europe Users Europe is strongly positioned in particle accelerator facilities and their applications. Expertise Europe is building innovative accelerators, lasers and acceleration R&D facilities. Technology European industry is leading in the production of high power lasers. For the European region. Europe working together in close connection with other regions.

but several candidate sites Site Considerations EuPRAXIA = single site infrastructure Constructed by collaboration of labs (like HEP detector, telescope) Compact and cost-effective research infrastructure  many locations suitable Several sites in Europe will be investigated and compared, no decision in EuPRAXIA. Expect and support site studies on similar facilities in other regions ONE SITE but several candidate sites

http://eupraxia-project.eu

A European Strategy for Accelerator Innovation PRESENT EXPERIMENTS Demonstrating 100 GV/m routinely Demonstrating GeV electron beams Demonstrating basic quality EuPRAXIA INFRASTRUCTURE Engineering a high quality, compact plasma accelerator 5 GeV electron beam for the 2020’s Demonstrating user readiness Pilot users from FEL, HEP, medicine, ... PRODUCTION FACILITIES Plasma-based linear collider in 2040’s Plasma-based FEL in 2030’s Medical, industrial applications soon

Towards New Accelerators Based on Plasma Technology Basic research (R): Proving theoretical principles – discovering new schemes Many sites. Typically 30 M€ investment per site. Tremendous progress in 35 years. Effort will continue the next decades. Focus on research: users outside scope. Engineering (D): Improve and optimize acceleration devices, industrialize One or few sites. Larger investment: 30 M€ < X << 1 B€ ESFRI roadmap in 2018 or 2020 CDR for 2020 Operation 2025 to 2035 EuPRAXIA Prototyping: Build a prototype accelerator unit to demonstrate performance one needs the other User operation: Build user facilities delivering beam for applications

Plasma Accelerator Research Infrastructure More than the Plasma Accelerator In a circular accelerator facility: Accelerating systems < 10% of total investment In a linear accelerator facility: Accelerating systems < 30% of total investment Highly developed (and expensive) systems for generation/bending/focusing/diagnostics/correction/collimation/control of particle beams: Accelerator facilities would not provide interesting performance without these systems. For plasma accelerators not at addressed yet, due to focus on acceleration highlights and lack of budget  EuPRAXIA to address this: build an accelerator research infrastructure for pilot users

EuPRAXIA Research Infrastructure for the 2020’s 5 GeV electron beam PLASMA ACCELERATOR 5 GeV e- Research Infrastructure HEP & OTHER USER AREA Present Laser Plasma Accelerators Up to 4.25 GeV electron beams Beam Diagnostics FEL / RADIATION SOURCE USER AREA

Sub-Systems – Combined Function vs Separated Function Laser or Beam Driver Plasma density Plasma profile Driver profile Plasma Cell Photo cathode, Buncher, Accelerator, Focusing, Steerer, Undulator Diagno-stics Combined function plasma accelerator (internal injection) Tuning DOF Laser and/or Beam Driver(s) Plasma densities Plasma profiles Driver profiles Collimation depths External focusing Dipole steerers Conventional alternatives Cell 1 Plasma Injector Cell 2 Plasma Accelerator Cell 3 (?) Plasma Accelerator Cell 4 Plasma Undulator, HEP, Medical Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation RF Photo Injector Magnetic Undulator Separated function plasma accelerator (external injection) Tuning DOF

Sub-Systems – Combined Function vs Separated Function Laser or Beam Driver Plasma density Plasma profile Driver profile Each sub-system must be fully specified including consistent and performance-driven tolerances! Crucial input to approval (believable design) and technical design phase! Plasma Cell Photo cathode, Buncher, Accelerator, Focusing, Steerer, Undulator Diagno-stics Combined function plasma accelerator (internal injection) Tuning DOF Laser and/or Beam Driver(s) Plasma densities Plasma profiles Driver profiles Collimation depths External focusing Dipole steerers Conventional alternatives Cell 1 Plasma Injector Cell 2 Plasma Accelerator Cell 3 (?) Plasma Accelerator Cell 4 Plasma Undulator, HEP, Medical Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation Diagnostics, external focusing, steering, collimation RF Photo Injector Magnetic Undulator Separated function plasma accelerator (external injection) Tuning DOF

Parameter Ranges in Discussion (preliminary) Laser “100 cube” 100 J, 100 fs, (10 Hz ) 100 Hz, multiple beams for staging/redundancy Transfer, matching, beam diagnostics Match in/out to beta functions of < 1mm, magnetic focusing, plasma lenses, collimation of sub-mm e- beams, diagnostic stations (low charge – small beam size) Compact e- RF linac, photo gun: Charge 1-400 pC, energy 0.1-0.2 GeV, energy spread σE/E < 0.2 %, bunch length few fs, norm. emittance < 1mm, repetition 0.1-1 kHz, 10fs external synchronization, multi-bunch option for driving WF’s Plasma accelerator Working points 1 - 3 - 5 GeV, energy spread < 1%, slice energy spread 0.1%, repetition 100 Hz, staging, compression Alternative acc. schemes (dielectric, ...) LWFA e- injector Charge 1-400 pC, energy 0.1-0.2 GeV, energy spread σE/E < 5 %, bunch length few fs, norm. emittance < 1mm, repetition 0.1-1 kHz, internal synchr. Undulation 1 – 5 GeV e- beams, magnetic undulators (in/out vacuum), TGU, plasma undulators Operation 24/7 operation, tuning approach, maximize DOF, automatic, small teams Hybrid injector schemes (see above)

EuPRAXIA Laser Work WP4 "Laser Design and Optimization” L. Gizzi & F EuPRAXIA Laser Work WP4 "Laser Design and Optimization” L. Gizzi & F. Mathieu On May 18, 2016 at SOLEIL - France. Leading international laboratories were represented including: Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratoy (INO - Italy), the Laboratoire d’Utilisations des Lasers Intenses (CNRS - France), the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (USA), the Centro de Láseres Pulsados Ultracortos Ultraintensos (University of Salamanca, Spain), the Central Laser Facility (Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK), The Petawatt Laser Facility (University of Texas at Austin, USA) and international laser manufacturers such as Thales (France), National Energetics (USA), Amplitude Technologies (France), Amplitude Systèmes (France) and Proton Laser (Spain). “Brainstorming” session starting basic specifications of the EUPRAXIA laser from EUPRAXIA steering committee, the so-called “100 cube”: 100 J, 100 fs, 100 Hz, contrast 1010 at 10ps  1PW @ 100Hz Detailed report is in preparation for Pisa meeting in June 29, 2016. Participants agreed to meet regularly every 6 months. 100cube Laser Challenge

Final Goal of EuPRAXIA RI: “Industrial Beam Quality” Criterion: Transport 99% of pulses after plasma accelerator through a transport channel of p phase advance with 99% transmission at +- 10 s aperture. Criterion: Have a compact and cost-efficient accelerator that can finally be operated by a small team (2-3 persons). Such an accelerator is useable for many applications and would be suited for the foreseen application range (hospitals, universities, industry, ...). For discussion – to be approved by EuPRAXIA

Quantitative Quality Assessment in Simulation and Experiment yN Normalized phase space Easily designed by a simple collimation system in normalized phase space Will qualify also position jitter and betatron mismatch (beta beat) Can be generalized also to a cut in momentum phase space (longer) Experience: Constraining passage gives optimal tuning feedback and focus on issues + 10 s xN - 10 s - 10 s + 10 s

Specifying Required Sub-System Performances Design ideal plasma accelerator Based on simulations of ideal setup, inclusion of realistic errors, experience on what might be realistic and input from experiments. Specifications for all sub-systems, like laser, RF accelerator, collimators, diagnostics, ...  triggers and guides developments Criterion fulfilled? NO YES Sensitivity study against errors Develop solutions for meeting the requirements from performance Define set of “realistic” errors Criterion fulfilled? NO Realistic set of errors used as definition of the required performances per sub-system YES

EuPRAXIA Steps Ahead Define quality-success criteria for plasma accelerators (“industrial beam quality”) Set of parameters for first study version end October 2016: Laser driver RF photoinjector and linac (external injection – beam driver) Plasma injector Plasma acceleration cell Applications: Undulator section for FEL’s, HEP test area, medical section, industrial area, Acc. R&D area... Auxiliary systems: external focusing, steering, collimation, diagnostics, transfer lines, matching sections, ... Operation: 24/7, tunability, automatic algorithms, ... Meeting here at Pisa should focus on these questions

Project Organization Detailed list of names, email addresses and WP memberships collected (64 names). Work Package WP1 WP2 WP3 WP4 WP5 WP6 WP7 WP8 WP9 WP10 WP11 WP12 WP13 WP14 No. Members 14 24 19 9 15 11 6 4 3 8 7 Management Physics & Simulations LPA structure Laser Electron beam FEL HEP & other apps Outreach Beam-driven plasmas Other techs FEL prototyping Test facilities Other radiation Hybrid EU Work Packages In-Kind Work Packages Available manpower over 4 years (from proposal): 42 man-years (new hires – paid by EU budget) + 81 man-years (in-kind) Final deliverable: Project duration: Conceptual Design Report published 01.11.2015 – 31.10.2019 (incl. cost and comparative site study)

IT and Contact Email EuPRAXIA IT & web presence Webpage for the public: http://www.eupraxia-project.eu/ For communications & small (10Mb) file sharing: https://vocal-external.liv.ac.uk/sites/eupraxia For large files e.g. Design Report or data sets: https://desycloud.desy.de (unlimited space, signature required for account) Contact email: eupraxia-admin@desy.de Can be contacted with any problem Please inform this email of news such as: WP meetings recent results and publications new WP members and newspaper articles

Working on the Conceptual Design Report

Possibilities to Contribute Scientific and technical work: Accelerator simulations, design of beam lines, compact RF accelerator, matching, transfer lines, collimation, diagnostics, vacuum Laser design work – 100 cube challenge Plasma acceleration studies, plasma source, diagnostics Experimental tests in our R&D facilities FEL design, HEP use case, other applications Strategic work: Roadmap future accelerators. ILC – CLIC – plasma LC possibilities for a combined/staged approach. RF vs laser-driven vs beam-driven. FEL roadmap plasma accelerators ( ImPACT program in Japan) Medical and industrial application roadmap. Accelerator R&D. Project work: Costing, site studies, implementation models, legal issues, safety

Working Together towards the CDR in next 3.5 Years Be informed about the EuPRAXIA project in the Pisa introductory talks Discuss with colleagues and WP leaders. Give them input! Find your interest and place to contribute in the WP/CDR Get your name attached to some CDR section and let us know ( WPL + Andi Walker) You can also nominate your co-workers at home We will follow up and we will make sure that you stay informed and involved

General EuPRAXIA Meetings Nov 2015: EuPRAXIA kickoff meeting WP leaders getting together in Hamburg. Small meeting. Jun 2016: EuroNNAc2/EuPRAXIA Pisa Meeting Scientific/technical work meeting with most of project team, including EuroNNAc network Oct 2016: Yearly meeting EuPRAXIA in Paris Formal meeting. Review work progress. Decision meeting  collaboration board as ultimate decision body All partners and associated partners invited. Guests welcome. Sep 2017: Special EuPRAXIA session at EAAC (to be decided) Scientific/technical session with open and large participation Oct/Nov 2017: Yearly meeting EuPRAXIA (combine with EAAC?) In parallel: WP meetings, e.g. laser meetings, users’ workshop in Paris Oct 2016, ... Steering meeting every 3 months with WP management grant agreement (269 pages), defining the work plan, milestones and deliverables. consortium agreement (48 pages), defining project rules.

Thank You for Your Attention Be informed about the EuPRAXIA project in the Pisa introductory talks Discuss with colleagues and WP leaders. Give them input! Find your interest and place to contribute in the WP/CDR Get your name attached to some CDR section and let us know ( WPL + Andi Walker) You can also nominate your co-workers at home We will follow up and we will make sure that you stay informed and involved