Cellular Respiration http://www.biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/atp.htm

Vocabulary Anaerobic- without oxygen Aerobic- with oxygen

Cellular Respiration The process by which living things release the energy (ATP) stored in organic molecules

Equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 -----> 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (heat and ATP)

Cell Respiration

Glycolysis aka: Step 1 A series of 10 reactions The process breaks down glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules and 2 ATP Occurs in cytosol/cytoplasm

Glycolylsis Glucose (6 carbon sugar) is broken down into 2 Pyruvate acids (3 carbon sugars)

Glycolysis

Fermentation aka: Step 1.5 The process by which pyruvate is converted in the absence of oxygen into either alcohol or lactic acid

Alcohol Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Fermentation Plant Vs. Animal Alcohol Fermentation Creates CO2 EX= Root beer and ethanol Lactic Acid Fermentation No CO2 EX= Muscle Aches and cheese

Availability of Oxygen AKA: Aerobic Respiration If no oxygen is available- the process stops. If oxygen becomes available, the process moves onto oxidative reduction & the kreb’s cycle. Possible for 36 ATP to be made.

Oxidative Reaction The process by which pyruvate is broken down in the presence of oxygen into a two-carbon molecule (acytl COA) which enters the Krebs cycle.

Oxidative Reduction Continued Carbs are broken down into water and CO2. Removal of H+ = Oxidation Addition of H+= Reduction OIL RIG

Krebs cycle aka: Step 2 H+ is added to NAD+ NADH is produced to supply the electron transport system Occurs in mitochondrial matrix

Krebs cycle cont. The two-carbon fragment joins with a four-carbon sugar. Eight additional reactions occur releasing carbon dioxide and 2 ATP

Krebs cycle The NADH transports hydrogen atoms and electrons to the electron transport chain ATP is generated and the hydrogen joins oxygen 2 H+ + O H2O(water)

Simple Krebs Cycle

Products of Krebs Cycle 1 glucose= 2 turns on the cycle Plus- 6NADH, 2FADH, 2ATP and acetyl co A.

Electron Transport Chain

Electron Transport Chain aka: Step 3 NADH2 releases H+ and e- are transferred to e- acceptors. E- get passed along in redox reactions. (hot potato) Most (34) ATP is made here

E.T.C. cont. When e- run out of energy, oxygen binds with H+ to form water.

E.T.C. Drawing

ATP In the presence of oxygen, up to 36 additional ATP are produced

ATP Yield Glycolysis= 2 ATP Kreb Cycle = 2 ATP E.T.C. = 34 ATP ____________________ Total Possible = 38 ATP

One More Time http://www.biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/atp.htm

Add animation http://www. phschool Recipes- http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/cellresp.htm animation http://www.life.uiuc.edu/plantbio/cell/images/ATPSynthesis.gif