Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Membrane contains chlorophyll Fluid that surrounds grana (granum)

A STAGE 1 : Light Dependent Reactions (needs light) Capture energy from sunlight (thylakoids) Energy from sunlight is absorbed and moves along the thylakoids A

A STAGE 1 : Light Dependent (needs light) Energy from sunlight is absorbed and moves along the thylakoids A 6 H2O Water molecules enter and are broken down

B STAGE 1 : Light Dependent (needs light) 6 O2 O2 molecules are released

B STAGE 1 : Light Dependent (needs light) 6 O2 Energy O2 molecules are released Energy is transferred to molecules, such as ATP

C STAGE 2 : Light Independent Reactions (does not need light) Uses energy to make sugars (stroma) Energy C 6 CO2 Carbon Dioxide molecules enter CO2 molecules are used to build sugars

D STAGE 2 : Light Independent Reactions (needs light) Uses energy to make sugars (stroma) Energy D C6H12O6 A molecule of simple sugar is formed The sugar, often glucose, is used to build starches and cellulose

EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS: 6 H2O + 6 CO2  C6H12O6 + 6O2

6 H2O 6 O2 6 CO2 C6H12O6

Continue on to Cellular Respiration

BEFORE CELLULAR RESPIRATION Food must break down (glucose = 6 carbon molecule) Must be broken into smaller molecules Glycolysis must take place first Takes place in the cytoplasm before Cellular Respiration occurs Does not require oxygen (anaerobic)

the 6-carbon glucose molecule is split into two 3-carbon molecules Glycolysis the 6-carbon glucose molecule is split into two 3-carbon molecules the process makes 2 ATP molecules 1 a series of reactions converts the 3 carbon molecules into pyruvate and 4 ATP molecules are also made

Glycolysis (continued) 1 a series of reactions converts the 3 carbon molecules into pyruvate and 4 ATP molecules are also made 2 1 Energy carrying molecule

Cellular Respiration Mitochondrion Inner Membrane Matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane )

NOTE ONLY --- DO NOT WRITE the data below --- just read this box    Cellular Respiration Step 1 : Krebs Cycle (Matrix) Produces molecules that carry energy to the second part A Three-Carbon molecules (from glycolysis) enter and are broken down Matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane ) NOTE ONLY --- DO NOT WRITE the data below --- just read this box    The pyruvate molecules get broken down. Energy-carrying molecules: NADH *** NAD+ (ion) Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide NAD+   +    H+    +    2e          →      NADH

Step 1 : Krebs Cycle (Matrix) Cellular Respiration Step 1 : Krebs Cycle (Matrix) Produces molecules that carry energy to the second part A small number of ATP molecules are made – other energy carrying molecules are also made.

B Step 1 : Krebs Cycle (Matrix) Produces molecules that carry energy to the second part ENERGY B Energy is transferred to the second step

Step 2 : Electron Transport Chain (inner membrane) Energy from Krebs cycle and Oxygen is used to make ATP Inner membrane. Energy-carrying molecules (from glycolysis and Krebs cycle) enter for STAGE 2, which takes place in the inner membrane.

Step 2 : Electron Transport Chain (inner membrane) Energy from Krebs cycle and Oxygen is used to make ATP UP to 38 ATP molecules are made from one glucose molecule ATP molecules are produced. HEAT and WATER are released as waste products

EQUATION FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O

C6H12O6