A. Introduction Humans are the most complex organisms on Earth. Our bodies are composed of trillions of _________, the smallest unit of life. These cells work together to form ______________. Cells Tissues

There are 4 types of tissues in the human body: body surfaces Epithelial Tissue – Covers ______________; lines ________________. May contain _________ for secretions or cells with _____. Examples includes glands, blood vessels, skin. Connective Tissue – Is the most ________________ tissue in the body. Used as ________________ and for ____________________________. Contains a network of non-living material called a _____________. Examples include bone, blood. Organs & vessels glands cilia abundant connectors support, transport, storage matrix

There are 4 types of tissues in the human body: 3. Muscle Tissue – Able to generate __________signals that create _______ and _____________. Nerve Tissue – Specialized to generate and _______________ electrical signals to ____________________. These tissues work together as ________, which work together as ________________. electrical force movement transmit transfer information organs organ systems

II. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM The integumentary system is composed of the ______ and its accessory structures, including _____, _______, and the ________ found in the skin. The skin is the ________ organ of the human body. skin hair nails glands largest

A. Function Protection – Provides a _______________________ ____________________________. Sensory Information Regulation of Body Temperature Vitamin Production – The skin produces Vitamin ___ when exposed to __________ which is important for _________________. barrier against pathogens, UV light, dehydration sunlight D strong bones

B. Structure – The skin is composed of 3 layers: 1. Epidermis – Outermost layer of skin composed of __________ tissue. There are two parts to the epidermis: a. Basal Layer – Contains cells that are actively going through ________. As new cells are produced, older cells are _______________________. These cells produce keratin, a __________________. There are also cells in the basal layer called melanocytes which produce _________ , a ___________ pigment that protects the skin from _________. epithelial mitosis pushed toward surface waterproof protein melanin dark brown UV light

b. Outer Layer – As the epidermal cells get pushed away from blood vessels, they _______, so the outermost epidermal layer consists of ______ cells filled with ________ that are eventually ________________. die dead keratin sloughed off

2. Dermis – Inner, thicker layer of skin composed of ___________ tissue. Contains a ___________ of ________ for strength and ________ for elasticity. Structures found in the dermis include: Blood vessels – Provide ____ and _________ to cells; remove _____. Also help to maintain a constant body temperature. Heat can be conserved when blood vessels near the surface of the skin _________, or heat can be released when blood vessels _______. b. Hair follicles - _________occurs in follicle to produce hair. Hair consists of _____ cells filled with _________. Small, ________ muscles are attached to each follicle that __________ to pull hairs upright when stimulated by __________ connective matrix collagen elastin O2 glucose CO2 constrict dilate Mitosis dead keratin smooth contract cold, fear

c. Nail follicles – Produced in same manner as hair c. Nail follicles – Produced in same manner as hair. Purpose of nails is to ________ fingertips and toetips. d. Sensory receptors - Transmit information to the ______ and ___________. e. Glands – There are two types of glands located in the dermis: 1) Oil – Produce oil to _____________ 2) Sweat - ___________ of the perspiration produced by these glands requires energy in the form of _____, which is drawn from the skin and results in cooling. protect brain spinal cord lubricate skin Evaporation heat

3. Hypodermis - ___________ tissue specialized to store ___. Connective 3. Hypodermis - ___________ tissue specialized to store ___. fat