Work Based Learning Project MGT493 Dr. Muhammad Imran Malik
Recap
Lecture 4
Stop and think A new piece of software arrives in the office or in your home. How do you go about learning about it? • Do you install it and start trying it out? (Activist) • Do you watch as others show you how to use it? (Reflector) • Do you learn about the background to it and the similarities with other programmes? (Theorist) • Do you not bother experimenting until you find a clear purpose for it? (Pragmatist)
Work based learning It is a learning that takes place To work – knowledge acquisition For work – knowledge sharing with others From work – knowledge utilization (Seagraves et al., 1996).
Few theories of learning
Few learning theories Behaviorism Cognitivism Social Learning Theory
Behaviorism Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning The theory originates from the works of Ivan Pavlov’s, classical conditioning, and B. F. Skinner’s, operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning
Changing Behavior via Learning Associative learning - learning that occurs by making a connection or association between two events. Classical conditioning – association between stimuli in the environment and involuntary reflexive behaviors. Operant conditioning – association between the consequences of our behaviors and our voluntary actions.
Classical Conditioning Theory Learning a conditioned response involves building up an association between the unconditioned stimuli and the conditioned stimuli. When unconditioned and conditioned stimuli are paired, the conditioned stimuli takes on the properties of the unconditioned stimuli and generates a conditioned response.
Pavlovian Model of Classical Conditioning Unconditioned Stimulus Meat Unconditioned Response Salivation Conditioned Stimulus Bell AFTER REPEATED PAIRINGS Conditioned Stimulus Bell Conditioned Response Salivation
Example Visit from head office and cleaning of windowpanes. First of each month and getting salary.
Operant Conditioning Theory
3 Operant Conditioning Learning that takes place when the learner recognizes the connection between a behavior and its consequences. Individuals learn to behave in certain ways to achieve desirable consequences or avoid undesirable consequences.
Operant conditioning Law of effect Behaviors that are reinforced will increase in likelihood. Behaviors that are punished will decrease in likelihood.
Reinforcer vs. Punisher Something that tends to increase the likelihood of the behavior Punishers Something that tends to decrease the likelihood of the behavior