BASIC Boy Scout First Aid Refresher presentation. This is JUST a basic outline.

FIRST Send someone for help. Buddy system – 2 scouts should go. Call 911 if a cellphone is available Buddy system – 2 scouts should go. If extended distance, perhaps stay and help stabilize, then go. Calling 911 Where are you? What help do you need? How many injuries? Fire Department? Extended rescue assistance Where you meet the responders

Triage: Many patients, few responders When you find someone hurt, do a quick assessment (15 seconds): Is he breathing? Pat them on the shoulder if they appear unconscious. Watch for rising and falling chest Is his heart beating? Check carotid pulse on neck Is there severe bleeding? Open up external clothing (winter coats) to check for wounds hiding from view

Triage Continued: Treat “Hurry Cases” first Stopped Breathing No Heartbeat Severe Bleeding Internal Poisoning Treat EVERY patient for shock Treat the CAUSE – CPR / control bleeding Keep airway open Recovery position – lying on left side if unconscious Lie them down, elevate feet approx. 1 foot Keep them warm GET HELP!

Hurry Cases Stopped Breathing Rescue breathing If rescue breathing doesn't work – CPR No Heartbeat CPR Severe Bleeding Direct Pressure on clean cloth Add more pads... never remove Elevate injury above heart Pressure points (shoulder and groin)‏ Bind pad with dressing, don't cut off circulation Tourniquets aren't advised by BSA Internal Poisoning Call poison control. Don't make them throw up unless package/poison control says to induce vomiting

How to Splint Splinting Splint in position found in Use padding to fill voids Immobilize joints above and below fracture

Protection: Blood and other bodily fluids (not saliva)‏ Rubber Gloves Goggles/glasses Mouth barrier Antiseptic for cleaning afterwards Protect against HIV, Hepatitis C, other diseases

Tenderfoot Requirements Heimlich maneuver Simple cuts and scratches Wash with soap and water Apply antiseptic if available Use an adhesive bandage Blisters on the hand and foot Minor burns or scalds (first degree)‏ Cool with water or moist compresses Bites and stings of insects and ticks Remove the stinger / tick Icepack Ticks – keep the tick, wash hands

Tenderfoot Requirements Continued Poisonous snakebite Remove rings that could be a problem with swelling Sawyer extractor of questionable efficacy, use within 3 minutes Nosebleed Sit up, lean forward, pinch nose Cool wet cloth to to nose and face If severe or other injuries Position to keep airway clear, get help Frostbite Get into warm environment If cheek / ear – use palm of hand to warm If hand – place in armpit If feet – put victims feet against YOUR abdomen Don't Rub Use warm running water – NOT hot water. Don't immerse

Second Class First Aid Kit Object in the eye Bite of a suspected rabid animal Puncture wounds from a splinter, nail, and fishhook Let wound bleed Wash wound Remove fishhook Serious burns (second degree)‏ Cool, bandage with sterile cloth Don't pop blisters

Second Class Continued Heat exhaustion Lie in cool place Cool slowly w/ wet cloths and fans Slow intake of water if conscious Shock See above Heatstroke, Dehydration, hypothermia, and hyperventilation Heatstroke Dehydration

Second Class Continued Hypothermia Take the victim into a sheltered area Get them into dry clothing Into a dry sleeping bag Perhaps next to something else warm If alert, give them warm liquids Tea / hot cocoa / broth Warm water bottles in armpit and groin Watch for other problems Get help Hyperventilation

First Class Bandages for a sprained ankle, injuries, to the head, the upper arm, and collarbone Sprained ankle – boot wrap Under heel, behind ankle, and around under stirrup strap. Tie in front Head Doo-Rag style bandage Collarbone / shoulder Sling/swath Transport a person with a sprained ankle 25 yards 1 and 2 man carries