Mobile IP.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Security Issues In Mobile IP
Advertisements

Mobile Networking through Mobile IP
Mobile IP Outline Intro to mobile IP Operation Problems with mobility.
Mobile and Wireless Computing Institute for Computer Science, University of Freiburg Western Australian Interactive Virtual Environments Centre (IVEC)
Wireless and Mobile Networks. Wireless Rules wireless used radio frequencies that are unlicensed is power limited to comply with Federal.
1 Introduction to Mobile IPv6 IIS5711: Mobile Computing Mobile Computing and Broadband Networking Laboratory CIS, NCTU.
IP Mobility Support Basic idea of IP mobility management
1 Mobile IP Why mobile IP? How mobile IP works –Introduction –Agent discovery/Advertisement –Registration –Routing considerations –Security Mobility management.
1 Mobile IP Myungchul Kim Tel:
Mobile IP Overview: Standard IP Standard IP Evolution of Mobile IP Evolution of Mobile IP How it works How it works Problems Assoc. with it Problems Assoc.
MOBILITY SUPPORT IN IPv6
Chapter 13 Mobile IP. Outline  ADDRESSING  AGENTS  THREE PHASES  AGENT DISCOVERY  REGISTRATION  DATA TRANSFER  INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP.
CMPE Wireless and Mobile Networking 1 CMPE 257 Spring 2006 Wireless Internetworking Wireless and Mobile Networks.
A Study of Mobile IP Kunal Ganguly Wichita State University CS843 – Distributed Computing.
IPv6 Mobility David Bush. Correspondent Node Operation DEF: Correspondent node is any node that is trying to communicate with a mobile node. This node.
IP Mobility Support Basic idea of IP mobility management o understand the issues of network-layer mobility support in IP network o understand the basic.
Mobile IP Polytechnic University Anthony Scalera Heine Nzumafo Duminda Wickramasinghe Edited by: Malathi Veeraraghavan 12/05/01.
Slide 1, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Dr. Wolfgang Böhm Siemens AG, Mobile Internet Dr. Wolfgang.
Mobile IP: Introduction Reference: “Mobile networking through Mobile IP”; Perkins, C.E.; IEEE Internet Computing, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, Jan.- Feb. 1998;
Mobile IP Seamless connectivity for mobile computers.
1 Chapter06 Mobile IP. 2 Outline What is the problem at the routing layer when Internet hosts move?! Can the problem be solved? What is the standard solution?
Mobile IP. Outline What is the problem at the routing layer when Internet hosts move?! Can the problem be solved? What is the standard solution? – mobile.
Lecture 3a Mobile IP 1. Outline How to support Internet mobility? – by Mobile IP. Our discussion will be based on IPv4 (the current version). 2.
© Janice Regan, CMPT 128, CMPT 371 Data Communications and Networking Multicast routing.
National Institute Of Science & Technology Mobile IP Jiten Mishra (EC ) [1] MOBILE IP Under the guidance of Mr. N. Srinivasu By Jiten Mishra EC
Mobile IP Most of the slides borrowed from Prof. Sridhar Iyer
Mobile IP Chapter 19. Introduction Mobile IP is designed to allow portable computers to move from one network to another Associated with wireless technologies.
1 Sideseadmed (IRT0040) loeng 5/2010 Avo
Mobile IP Outline Intro to mobile IP Operation Problems with mobility.
Session: 14S. K. Nayak14.1 Mobile Computing Session 14 Mobile IP S. K. Nayak Synergy, Dhenkanal.
Introduction to Mobile IPv6
Spring 2004 Mobile IP School of Electronics and Information Kyung Hee University Choong Seon HONG
Mobile IP 순천향대학교 정보기술공학부 이 상 정 VoIP 특론 순천향대학교 정보기술공학부 이 상 정 2 References  Tutorial: Mobile IP
Ασύρματες και Κινητές Επικοινωνίες Ενότητα # 10: Mobile Network Layer: Mobile IP Διδάσκων: Βασίλειος Σύρης Τμήμα: Πληροφορικής.
An Introduction to Mobile IPv4
Mobile IP 순천향대학교 전산학과 문종식
Mobility With IP, implicit assumption that there is no mobility. Addresses -- network part, host part -- so routers determine how to get to correct network.
Mobile IP Aamir Sohail NGN MS(TN) IQRA UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.
Mobile IP THE 12 TH MEETING. Mobile IP  Incorporation of mobile users in the network.  Cellular system (e.g., GSM) started with mobility in mind. 
ROUTING MOBILE IP  Motivation  Data transfer  Encapsulation.
1 OverviewOverview A device on a network is reachable through normal IP routing by the IP address it is assigned on the network. The problem occurs when.
Mobile IP Lecture 5.
DMET 602: Networks and Media Lab
Introduction Wireless devices offering IP connectivity
RFC 3775 IPv6 Mobility Support
IP Mobility & Ad-hoc Network Routing
Mobile Networking (I) CS 395T - Mobile Computing and Wireless Networks
Networking Applications
Mobile IP.
IP for Mobile hosts.
Mobile IP.
Wireless Scheduling & Mobile IP
EA C451 Vishal Gupta.
Mobile IP & Wireless Transport
Introduction to Wireless Networking
Wireless Scheduling.
Mobility And IP Addressing
2002 IPv6 技術巡迴研討會 IPv6 Mobility
© Model Engineering College
Unit 3 Mobile IP Network Layer
DMET 602: Networks and Media Lab
CSE 4215/5431: Mobile Communications Winter 2010
CSE 4215/5431: Mobile Communications Winter 2011
Ch 17 - Binding Protocol Addresses
Other Routing Protocols
Mobile IP Outline Homework #4 Solutions Intro to mobile IP Operation
Mobile IP Outline Intro to mobile IP Operation Problems with mobility.
Lecture 4a Mobile IP 1.
Mobile IP Outline Intro to mobile IP Operation Problems with mobility.
Mobile IP-2 CS441 – Mobile & Wireless Computing
Presentation transcript:

Mobile IP

Puzzle Man in a boat floating in a swimming pool  He has a large solid iron ball If he drops the ball into the water, what happens to the level of water in the swimming pool? (increases, decreases, stays the same?)

Mobile IP Basics Same as the post-office analogy Two other entities – home agent (old post-office), foreign agent (new post-office) Mobile host registers with home agent the new location Home agent captures packets meant for mobile host, and forwards it to the foreign agent, which then delivers it to the mobile host

Reverse path? Same as in the post-office analogy Packets originating from the mobile host go directly to the static corresponding host … Hence the name triangular routing MH HA SH FA MH

Mobile IP Entities Mobile host Corresponding host Home address Care-of address Home agent Foreign agent

Mobile IP in detail … Combination of 3 separable mechanisms: Discovering the care-of address Registering the care-of address Tunneling to the care-of address

Discovering the care-of address Discovery process built on top of an existing standard protocol: router advertisement (RFC 1256) Router advertisements extended to carry available care-of addresses called: agent advertisements Foreign agents (and home agents) send agent advertisements periodically A mobile host can choose not to wait for an advertisement, and issue a solicitation message

Agent advertisements Foreign agents send advertisements to advertise available care-of addresses Home agents send advertisements to make themselves known Mobile hosts can issue agent solicitations to actively seek information If mobile host has not heard from a foreign agent its current care-of address belongs to, it seeks for another care-of address

Registering the Care-of Address Once mobile host receives care-of address, it registers it with the home agent A registration request is first sent to the home agent (through the foreign agent) Home agent then approves the request and sends a registration reply back to the mobile host Security?

Registration Authentication Mobile IP requires the home agent and mobile host to share a security association MD5 with 128-bit keys to create digital signatures for registration requests to be used (registration message & header used for creating signature) Any problems? – replay attacks Solved by using an unique message identifier (timestamp or pseudorandom number)

Illustration

Foreign Agent Security? No foreign agent authentication required Foreign agent can potentially discard data once registration happens However, the problem is same as in unauthenticated route advertisements (RFC 1256) in the wireline context

Home agent discovery If the mobile host is unable to communicate with the home agent, a home agent discovery message is used The message is sent as a broadcast to the home agents in the home network

Tunneling to the Care-of address When home agent receives packets addressed to mobile host, it forwards packets to the care-of address How does it forward it? - encapsulation The default encapsulation mechanism that must be supported by all mobility agents using mobile IP is IP-within-IP (RFC 2003) Using IP-within-IP, home agent inserts a new IP header in front of the IP header of any datagram

Tunneling (contd.) Destination address set to the care-of address Source address set to the home agent’s address Tunnel header uses 4 for higher protocol id – this ensures that IP after stripping out the first header, processes the packet again Tunnel header of 55 used if IP minimal encapsulation used (RFC 2004)

Illustration

Recap Host mobility and Internet addresses Post-office analogy Home agent, foreign agent, care-of address, home address Registration and Tunneling IPv6 and Mobility support …

Mobile IP Problems? Triangular routing overhead What is the worst case scenario? Registration latency and associated problems Ingress filtering and consequences Infrastructure required for mobile IP support? Firewalls

Mobile IP Optimizations Route optimization Smooth hand-offs

Route Optimizations Enable direct notification of the corresponding host Direct tunneling from the corresponding host to the mobile host Binding cache maintained at corresponding host Management of cache not stipulated (e.g. least used entry replacement)

Route optimizations (contd.) 4 types of messages Binding update Binding request Binding warning Binding acknowledge

Binding Update When a home agent receives a packet to be tunneled to a mobile host, it sends a binding update message to the corresponding host When a home agent receives a binding request message, it replies with a binding update message Also used in the the smooth-handoffs optimization

Binding Update (Contd.) Corresponding host caches binding and uses it for tunneling subsequent packets Lifetime of binding? Corresponding host that perceives a near-expiry can choose to ask for a binding confirmation using the binding request message Home agent can choose to ask for an acknowledgement to which a corresponding host has to reply with a binding ack message

Binding warning When a foreign agent receives a tunneled message, but sees no visitor entry for the mobile host, it generates a binding warning message to the appropriate home agent When a home agent receives a warning, it issues an update message to the corresponding host What if the foreign agent does not have the home agent address (why?) ?

Illustration Home Agent BU BW BR BA Foreign Agent Corresponding Host Mobile Host

Smooth Hand-offs When a mobile host moves from one foreign agent to another … Packets in flight to the old FA are lost and are expected to be recovered through higher layer protocols (e.g. TCP) How can these packets be saved?

Smooth Hand-offs Make previous FA forward packets to the new FA Send binding updates to the old FA through the new FA Such forwarding will be done for a pre-specified amount of time (registration lifetime) Update can also help old FA free any reserved resources immediately Why better?

Mobile IP in IPv6 Route optimization and smooth hand-offs used in IPv6 mobility Binding updates easier since IPv6 supports destination caches at sources IPv6 security inherently stronger than in IPv4. Hence, no explicit security mechanisms needed for mobile IP Source routing to be used instead of encapsulation (why?)

Outline Multicast-based architecture Fast handoffs MosquitoNet End-to-end approach

Multicast-based Architecture Very different from the mobile-IP model Based on the IP-multicast approach Leverages the similarities in the two problems (multicast and mobility) Minor modifications to IP-multicast required

Multicast Multicast: group membership, packets sent to a multicast address have to be delivered to all members of the group Members of a multicast group can be located “anywhere” IP-multicast infrastructure is overlayed on the Internet (construction of infrastructure a separate problem by itself – DVMRP, CBT, etc.) Forwarding of data happens on the overlayed infrastructure, and routing is group specific

Multicast (Illustration) Tunnels

Multicast & Mobility CH Tunnels Use IP-multicasting to support mobility!

MSM-IP Architecture MSM-IP: Mobility support using Multicasting in IP Addressing: mobile host has multicast address Tunneling architecture: same as IP multicast (sparse mode algorithm required) Join and prune mechanisms: hand-offs made more efficient Resource reservation (RSVP) easier

Problems? ARP replies TCP support IGMP registration ICMP message delivery Multicast address space IP-multicast maturity

Fast Handoffs Reduce the latency in resuming operations when a hand-off occurs Use hierarchical foreign agents Example: domain foreign agents and subnet foreign agents Mobility within a domain kept transparent from the home agent by appropriate interactions between domain foreign agent and subnet foreign agents

Fast Handoffs (Illustration) Internetwork FA Subnet A Subnet B FA FA

MosquitoNet One of the first test-bed implementations of Mobile IP Introduced the notion of co-located foreign agents Improves deployability of the mobile-IP approach to support host mobility Trade-offs?

End-to-End Approach Internet infrastructure does not change (like in mobile IP) Changes required at both the sender and receiver Does connection migration when mobile-host moves

E2E Approach (Contd.) Hostname used as the invariant to identify mobile host Mobile host uses DNS updates to change hostname to IP address mapping No consistency problem as DNS entries can be made un-cacheable If client is mobile, DNS-support not used

E2E Approach (Contd.) When a mobile-host undergoes a handoff, it re-issues a SYN (with a MIGRATE option identifying the previous connection) A unique token exchanged during initial connection set-up used to identify connection The receiver of the SYN changes its state to represent the new address of the mobile-host Connection proceeds as a regular TCP connection from thereon Trade-offs?

Recap Wireless Fair Scheduling Why wireline algorithms cannot be used Key components of a a wireless fair scheduling algorithm Different approaches for wireless fair scheduling

Puzzle Teacher comes to class on Friday and tells students: “I will give you a surprise exam next week” Class meets on M-F every day 9-10am Can the teacher accomplish giving a truly surprise exam?