MLA MLA Handbook 8th ED.

Gather Your Information Look for the Core Elements Look for the elements in all your Sources. Author. Title of source. Title of container, Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location.

Punctuation Author. Title of source. Title of container, All of the elements should be followed by either a comma or period. Below is the correct punctuation following each element. Author. Title of source. Title of container, Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location.

Step One Author Last, first name. Examples: One Author Jones, Mark . Two Authors Jones, Mark, and Jane Smith. Three of More Authors Smith, John, et al.

Using our Information Davis, Bob. Author .

Step Two Title of Source should be in italics or in quotation marks. Italics - Book or website Quotation Marks - journal, magazine, newspapers, title or album of music A book should be in italics: Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, 1999.   A website should be in italics: Lundman, Susan. "How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow, www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. A periodical (journal, magazine, newspaper article) should be in quotation marks: Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms: The Voice of the Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi's Bashai Tudu. " Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, vol. 15, no. 1, 1996, pp. 41-50. A song or piece of music on an album should be in quotation marks: Beyoncé. "Pray You Catch Me." Lemonade, Parkwood Entertainment, 2016, www.beyonce.com/album/lemonade-visual-album/. Examples: from Purdue Owl MLA

Using our Information Davis , Bob. “Illegal Immigration's Thorny Economics.” Author . Title of Source .

Step Three Title of the Container Your source came from a container. The container could have several sources it. Title of the Container will be italicized and followed with a comma. What is a Container ? Here are some examples to help you understand. Source Container Explanation “94 Meetings” Parks and Recreation Television series which is made up of episodes ( 94 meetings). “First Meeting of the Open Textbook network set to take place next week. “ Library Journal Website which has articles, videos, and other things. Examples: from Purdue Owl MLA

Container Citation Examples Adams, Jill. “Air Pollution and Climate Change.” CQ Researcher,13 Nov. 2015, pp. 961-984. CQ Researcher, library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2015111300. “Chemistry 1A – Lecture 1.” YouTube, uploaded by UCBerkeley, 20 Jan. 2010, www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xK2l_pKrKI. Menzies, Victoria. “Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Current Considerations in Symptom Management.” American Journal of Nursing, vol. 116, no. 1, Jan. 2016, pp. 24-33.

Using our Information Davis , Bob. “Illegal Immigration's Thorny Economics.” The Wall Street Journal, Author . “Title of Source.” Title of Container,

Step Four Other Contributors There may be other contributors to the source besides the author, such as editors, illustrators, translators, etc Examples: Woolf, Virginia. Jacob’s Room. Annotated and with an introduction by Vara Neverow, Harcourt, Inc. 2008. Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Translated by Richard Howard, Vintage-Random House, 1988. Examples from Purdue Owl MLA Guide

Step Five Version Edition or version of work Examples: Number The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Oxford UP, 1998. Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. 3rd ed., Pearson, 2004. Examples from Purdue Owl MLA Guide Number Multi-volume set or journal with volume and issue Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. “Registered Nurses.” Occupational Outlook Handbook. 2016-17 ed., 17 Dec. 2015, www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/registered-nurses.htm. Menzies, Victoria. “Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Current Considerations in Symptom Management.” American Journal of Nursing, vol. 116, no. 1, Jan. 2016, pp. 24-33.

Step Six Publisher and Publication Date Examples: Publishes or distributes the source. Examples: Woolf, Virginia. Jacob’s Room. Annotated and with an introduction by Vara Neverow, Harcourt, Inc. 2008. Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Translated by Richard Howard, Vintage-Random House, 1988. Examples from Purdue Owl MLA Guide

Using our Information Davis , Bob. “Illegal Immigration's Thorny Economics.” The Wall Street Journal, 10 Feb.2016, Author . “Title of Source.” Title of Container, Publication date,

The location of an online work should include a URL. Step Seven Location- the place your source came from. An essay in a book, or an article in journal should include page numbers. The location of an online work should include a URL. A physical object that you experienced firsthand should identify the place of location. Examples: Essay in an Opposing Viewpoints Book Davis, Rod. "Speech Should be Limited." Censorship: Opposing Viewpoints. Edited by Terry O'Neill, Greenhaven Press, 2005, pp.17-21. NBC Learn Video “Man Arrested by U.S. Marshals for Unpaid Federal Student Loan.” NBC Nightly News, created by Janet Shamlian, NBC Universal Media, 18 Feb. 2016. NBC Learn, highered.nbclearn.com/portal/site/HigherEd/browse/?cuecard=105542

Using our Information Davis , Bob. “Illegal Immigration's Thorny Economics.” The Wall Street Journal, 10 Feb. 2016,p.A1 Author . “Title of Source.” Title of Container, Publication date, Location .

Tips and Tricks for MLA Online Databases : Other Electronic Sources: Use whatever information is available. Do not place http:// or https:// in front of the permalink/URL.. Other Electronic Sources: If no publication date is provided, place the date accessed after the URL. (example: Accessed 21 Apr. 2016.) If the publisher’s name is the same as the name of the website, do not include the publisher. Print Sources: City of publication may be provided before the date published if the book was published before 1900. For scholarly journals, use volume and issue number. For newspapers, use appropriate section and page(s). If the pages are not consecutive, cite the first page, followed by a plus sign. (example: p. A1+)