Imperialism Across the Globe Africa, China, India, Japan, Southeast Asia, and Latin America

Africa Berlin Conference – European countries split up Africa Main reasons for wanting Africa – natural resources and naval bases Many Africans resist being colonized Ethiopia and Liberia remain independent Colonies not treated well

China Britain wanted trade with China – silk, porcelain, tea Opium Wars – British sell merchants Indian opium in exchange for tea – Opium outlawed, British refused = war Taiping Rebellion weakens Qing Dynasty – peasants rise up Sino-Japanese war – Japan takes Taiwan After – Western powers carve up China into “spheres of influence”

India East India Company originally controls India Spread British (Victorian) ideals still Sepoy Rebellion (1st war for Independence) leads to Queen Victoria taking over India Create a colony in India called the British Raj British saw India as a market and useful for natural resources British brought peace and stability, but Indians wanted self-rule

Japan Matthew Perry in Japan – opens trade Meiji Restoration – wanted to modernize, used Western powers as an example Needed an empire – few natural resources and small island Japan gains rule of Korea and Taiwan

Southeast Asia Dutch East Indies – Netherlands establishes colony in modern day Indonesia Burma and modern day Malaysia – controlled by the British Indochina Modern day Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia Controlled by the French Siam – Modern day Thailand Remains independent Philippines Originally colonized by the Spanish but taken by the US after the Spanish-American War US wanted to modernize the Philippines and use it for trade US also promised self-rule in the future Hawaii and Pacific Islands Seized by the US and eventually annexed (became a state)

Latin America Many Latin American countries become dependent on Western countries British, French, and Dutch still have some small colonies – for economic reasons – plantations US takes Puerto Rico – and still has it Also intervenes in Cuba Constructs the Panama Canal

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