Principles of Flight 6-10 FEB 2017

Flight Test 5.0 Do Now Wednesday, 8 FEB 17 Take out notebook, and open to Friday’s Volume Calculations (pink Notes Page) DATA - Make sure each person in your group has the measurements for: Three shapes: One round balloon (sphere) one paper bag (cube) & one cardboard tube (cylinder) Your original Solar Balloon Calculate the volume of each Flight Test 5.0 Day Three (plus 2)

Mini-Lesson I.1: Volume Practice Calculations Object Shape Formula Measurements Calculated Volume Paper Bag Rectangular Cube l x w x h l = 31.5 cm w = 15.3 cm h = 11.0 cm 31.5 x 15.3 x 11.0 = 5301.5 cm3 Cardboard Tube Cylinder πr2h r = 1.9 cm h = 23.8 cm 3.1416 x (1.9)2 x 23.8 = v 3.1416 x 3.6 x 23.8 = v 3.1416 x 3.6 x 23.8 = 269.1 cm3 Small Balloon Sphere 4/3πr3 r = 8.9 cm 1.33 x 3.1416 x (8.9)3 = v 1.33 x 3.1416 x 705.0 = v 1.33 x 3.1416 x 705.0 = 2945.7 cm3

Mini-Lesson I.1: Volume Calculation, Part Deux Object Shape Formula Measurements Calculated Volume Solar Balloon Cylinder πr2h 3.1416 x (24.4)2 x 310.0 = v 3.1416 x 595.4 x 310.0 = v 3.1416 x 595.4 x 310.0 = 579,857.7 cm3 r = 24.4 cm h = 310 cm r = 24.4 cm … Approximate. Circumference (153.0 cm) ÷ π (3.1416) = diameter (48.7 cm) Diameter (48.7 cm) ÷ 2 = 24.4 cm h = 310 cm … Approximate. Length of one black plastic bag = 84.0 cm Subtract 2 cm off each end (overlap of seam) = 80.0 cm 80.0 cm x 4 = 320.0 cm Subtract 10 cm for closure. 320.0 cm – 10 cm = 310.0 cm

Mini-Lesson I.1: Volume Practice Calculations Object Shape Formula Measurements Calculated Volume Paper Bag Rectangular Cube l x w x h l = 31.5 cm w = 15.3 cm h = 11.0 cm 31.5 x 15.3 x 11.0 = 5301.5 cm3 Cardboard Tube Cylinder πr2h r = 1.9 cm h = 23.8 cm 3.1416 x (1.9)2 x 23.8 = v 3.1416 x 3.6 x 23.8 = v 3.1416 x 3.6 x 23.8 = 269.1 cm3 Small Balloon Sphere 4/3πr3 r = 8.9 cm 1.33 x 3.1416 x (8.9)3 = v 1.33 x 3.1416 x 705.0 = v 1.33 x 3.1416 x 705.0 = 2945.7 cm3 Solar Balloon r = 24.4 cm h = 310 cm 3.1416 x (24.4)2 x 310.0 = v 3.1416 x 595.4 x 310.0 = v 3.1416 x 595.4 x 310.0 = 579,857.7 cm3

Clean-up Balloons and notebooks put away Floor and desktops free of debris Chairs pushed-in

Flight Test 6.0 Do Now Thursday, 9 FEB 17 Take out notebook Pick up new blue Engineering Worksheet Update engineering worksheet: Current Unit – LTA Principle at Work - IF Helium (He) volume is increased, THEN its DENSITY decreases, therefore increasing LIFT Do you have Group Roles/Tasks designated? Flight Test 6.0 Day One

Mini-Lesson J: Helium vs. Hydrogen Certain gases – Hydrogen (H) and Helium (He) are naturally less dense than the surrounding Nitrogen (N) atmosphere Hydrogen is VERY chemically reactive (combustible). Helium is completely chemically non-reactive (does NOT burn or explode) Airship designers often conservatively estimate helium’s lift at 27.2 kgs per 28.3 m3 and hydrogen’s lift at 38.4 kgs per 28.3 m3.

Flight Test 6.1 Do Now Thursday, 9 FEB 17 Materials – pick up Mylar balloon (one per person) Tether (string) (one per person) Marking pen (one per group) Ruler or measuring tape Safety – pick up safety eye wear Use the digital scale to determine the MASS of the empty balloon and string. Use the ruler/measuring tape to find the diameter of the empty balloon. Flight Test 6.1 Day One

Clean-up Notebooks put away Empty class storage drawer of all WS aircraft SMALL piece of making tape to label solar balloon Floor and desktops free of debris Chairs pushed-in

Flight Test 6.2 Do Now Friday, 10 FEB 17 Take out notebook Open to FT 6.0 MATERIALS – Gather balloons SAFETY – Pick up safety eyewear Flight Test 6.2 Day Two

Flight Test 6.2 Inside Testing 10 FEB 17 Before beginning: Has your group chosen a possible Criteria for Success? How to measure lifting capacity of balloons? When testing: How much mass is the individual balloon lifting? How much is the mass of one small paper clip? How about one large paperclip? How many paperclips are necessary to maintain neutral buoyancy? Follow SAFETY instructions Flight Test 6.2 Day Two

Clean-up LTA UNIT Test next Friday (2/17) MATERIALS – collect and gather group balloons Notebooks put away Floor and desktops free of debris Chairs pushed-in

Mini-Lesson K: Three Gas Laws Boyle's Law: The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. When the VOLUME gets smaller, the PRESSURE gets higher Charles' Law: the volume of a gas is proportional to its temperature. When the VOLUME gets higher, the TEMPERATURE gets higher Gay-Lussac's Law: The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to its pressure. When the TEMPERATURE gets higher, the PRESSURE gets higher