Early Classification Aristotle was a greek scholar Observed behavior, appearance and movement. Three groups. Fly Swim Walk/crawl run.

Problems with ARISTOTLE Not Specific Enough. Similar organisms in different groups. Different organisms in similar groups.

Two Kingdom System (Proposed by Aristotle) Plantae Bacteria Fungi Algae Plants

Two Kingdom System Animalia Animals Protozoa

Problem with Aristotle’s Classification System: If it was green, it was a plant regardless of other features.

Five Kingdom System Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Procaryote/Monera KEY FACT; As more organisms and characteristics are discovered. More kingdoms, domains etc are created.

Carolus Linnaeus 1753 Kingdom Through Species Binomial Nomenclature Mycobacterium tuberculosis Grouped by shared body structures • Groups called taxa (singular: taxon) • Science of naming groups is called taxonomy

Taxonomic Hierarchy Domain Kingdom Phylum/Division Class Order Family (Carl Woese 1978) Kingdom Phylum/Division Class Order Family Genus Species

Three Domain System (Difference in rRNA and Cell Wall in Prokaryotic Organisms) Domain Eukaryae All Eukaryotic Organisms Domain Eubacteria True Bacteria and Cyanobacteria Domain Archaea Ancient “Extreme” Bacteria

Taxonomy The science of biological classification, by grouping organisms with similar characteristics.

Three Interrelated Parts of Taxonomy Classification Arrangement into groups Nomenclature Assignment of Names Identification Determining Identity