Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: Problem description. (a) Schematic of DFS experiments characterizing of a receptor–ligand bond, where a noncovalent linkage is involved to immobilize the protein complex under pulling. Schematic is not drawn to scale. (b) Energy landscapes of the two molecular interactions in series along the corresponding reaction coordinates of bond dissociation. The rates of two simultaneous dissociation processes can be calculated from the native profile of noncovalent interactions in addition to the extra energy stored in the harmonic transducers induced by the pulling velocity v.

Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: Evolving probability distributions for the bonding status of bond 1 and 2 when (a) c1/c2=1 and (b) c1/c2=1.2

Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: Survival probability versus time for the two molecular bonds in series with different values of c1/c2, i.e., the ratios in depth of the bond energy wells

Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: The actual separation of individual bonds during the ramping process at different ratios of bond strength

Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: (a) Nominal survival probability combining the contributions from both bonds versus time and (b) probability distribution of rupture forces of the two bonds in series. The value of c1/c2 varies from 0.8 to 1.2, in comparison with the case with permanent immobilizer.

Date of download: 10/17/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Concurrent Rupture of Two Molecular Bonds in Series: Implications for Dynamic Force Spectroscopy J. Appl. Mech. 2017;84(11):111007-111007-7. doi:10.1115/1.4037884 Figure Legend: Force-dependent dissociation rate converted from the rupture force histograms for various combinations of bond characteristics: (a) the depth ratio c1/c2 and (b) half-width ratio a1/a2 of the bond energy wells, indicating the significant effects of additional molecular linkage on the interpretation of receptor–ligand dissociation rate