Acids Lesson 1 Acid and Base Properties.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Acids and Bases Unit 12. Properties of an Acid  Sour taste  Turns litmus paper red (and responds uniquely to other indicators)  Reacts with:  Hydroxide.
Advertisements

Warm Up 4/14 How many protons and neutrons would an H+ ion have?
Acids and Bases Lesson 1 Acid & Base Properties (Strong & Weak acids)
Acids Lesson 1 Acid and Base Properties. Taste sour Change litmus paper red React with metals such as Mg and Zn to make H 2 Are electrolytes that conduct.
Acids Lesson 2 Acid and Base Properties.
Warm Up 4/14 How many protons and neutrons would an H+ ion have?
Acids and Bases Chapter 19. Review Electrolyte A substance that conducts an electrical current when melted or in solution Ionic compounds Acids and Bases.
ACIDS & BASES.
Chapter 19 Acids and Bases.
CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES Properties of Acids and Bases
More on Acids and Bases.
Acids and Bases.
Acids, Bases and Salts.
Acids and Bases.
Acids and Bases Operational definitions are based on observed properties. Compounds can be Classified as acid or base by observing these sets of properties.
Acids and Bases Operational definitions are based on observed properties. Compounds can be Classified as acid or base by observing these sets of properties.
Acid-Base Properties and Theories
Chapter 18 Acids and Bases.
ACIDS AND BASES NOTES Chemistry Chapter 18.
“Still Life With Apples”
CHEMISTRY 161 Chapter 4.
Acid and Bases: An Introduction
Aim: What are acids and bases?
Unit 4 Acids and Bases Lesson 1 Acid and Base Properties
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases (p )
Unit 11: Acids and Bases Acids and Bases Models.
ACIDS, BASES, & SALTS.
Acid/Base Chemistry.
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS & BASES
The Nature of Acid-Base Equilibria
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases
Acids and Bases.
Acids and Bases.
Acids & Bases Section Notes.
Acids and Bases.
Acids & Bases.
Introduction to Acids & Bases
Acids and Bases Pg. 119.
ACIDS AND BASES.
Introduction to Acids & Bases
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases
Acids and Bases.
Review of Acids, Bases, & Salts
Acids and Bases.
Acids and Bases Chapter 19.
Aim: What are acids and bases?
ACIDS and BASES Chapter 19
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases (p )
Acids, Bases & Salts.
Intro to Acids & Bases.
Chemistry Chapter 18:Acids and Bases
Acids and Bases.
Chapter 10 Acids, Bases, and Salts
CHM 101 Sinex Acids and Bases Ch. 19.
Acids and Bases.
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases (p )
4/17 If the hydronium ion concentration of a solution is .01, how do I find the pH? C. Johannesson.
Families of Chemical Compounds
Unit 12: Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acids & Bases.
Acids and Bases.
Intro to Acids & Bases.
Unit 12: Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acids & Bases.
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases (p )
Acids and Bases Chapters 14 and 15.
I. Introduction to Acids & Bases (p )
Chapter 19: Acids And Bases
Descriptions & Reactions
Presentation transcript:

Acids Lesson 1 Acid and Base Properties

Properties of Acids Neutralize bases Are electrolytes that conduct electricity Change litmus paper red Taste sour React with metals such as Mg and Zn to make H2

Properties of Bases Are electrolytes that conduct electricity Neutralize acids Change litmus paper blue Feel slippery Taste bitter

Arrhenius acid Chemistry 11 produces H+ in solution HCl  H+ + Cl- Arrhenius base Chemistry 11 produces OH- in solution NaOH  Na+ + OH-

Bronsted Acid Chemistry 12 A proton donor H+ HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl- strong Bronsted Base Chemistry 12 A proton acceptor NH3 + H2O ⇄ NH4+ + OH- H+ weak

Write a Bronsted reaction for the base HCO3- weak H+ H+ HCO3- + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 + OH- base acid acid base HCO3- and H2CO3 H2O and OH- Conjugate acid base pairs differ by one proton H+

Note 1. Arrhenius bases dissociate in water to produce OH- 2. Bronsted bases accept a proton from water to produce OH- 3. Arrhenius acids dissociate in water to form H+ 4. Bronsted acids donate a proton to water to form H3O+ 5. H+ is the same as H3O+

H+ is another way to show H3O+. H+ + H2O ⇋ H3O+ Hydronium ion + H+ H2O

Conjugate Acid Conjugate Base One more H+ 1 less H+ C6H5OH C6H5O- H2CO3 HCO3- H2O OH- HPO42- PO43- H2PO4- HPO42- C6H5COOH C6H5COO- NH4+ NH3 Fe(H2O)63+ Fe(H2O)5(OH)2+ Look on page 6

Strong Acids Weak Acids

Strong Acids Left side Acid Chart top six Completely ionize in water Are good conductors. Produce large amounts of H3O+. Have very large Ka’s. Use a “” and not “⇄” HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl-

Weak Acids   Left side of the Acid Chart below the top six. Do not completely ionize in water. Are poor conductors. Produce small amounts of H3O+. Have small Ka’s. Use a “⇄” and not “” HF + H2O ⇄ H3O+ + F- Ka = [H3O+][F-] = 3.5 x 10-4 from page 6 [HF] Water is not included because it is a pure liquid! Its concentration is constant!

You can also write:   HF ⇌ H+ + F- Ka = [H+][F-] = 3.5 x 10-4 [HF]

Writing Ionic Equations: Formula, Complete, and Net. HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O(l) H+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH-  Na+ + Cl- + H2O(l) H+ + OH-  H2O(l) Do not break up weak acids or bases! HF is a weak acid HF + KOH  KF + H2O(l) HF + K+ + OH-  K+ + F- + H2O(l) HF + OH-  F- + H2O(l)