Industrialization of Europe+ Social Effects pp.302-313 Industrialization of Europe+ Social Effects

Pre-Idustrialization ( 1700-1750) The majority of the European people still lived on the land The system of pre-capitalism; some peasants worked for a capitalist, who owned the ” machine” and the manufacture& had the money ( the capital) and the raw materials for the business * the entrepreneur took all the profits * the workers earned some extra money

The Causes and the spread of the industrialization The term: industrial revolution; something which resulted in major economic and social changes - transformation of the whole society! Why Britain? Late 18th century Enjoyed great resources, reserves of coal and iron ore ( resources from the colonies as well)

Could enlarge its markets Great inventions ( The Spinning Jenny…) Advanced banking system Development in transportation * toll roads * canals * later railways

Other European countries Experienced industrial revolution in the 19th century Belgium: had natural reserves of coal, iron ore, strategic geographical position and great trading centres France; first in major cities and in the coalmine areas in the North & textile industry in the North-east * from 1830´s onwards cotton was produced in factories

Banking system developed ( railways..) Germany; until 1850´s the industrial revolution was limited into a small number of towns - custom´s union ( German states) - unification of Germany in 1871; the great spurt!.. By the end of the century Germany was challenging Britain by its economic growth! (caused naval and economic rivalry… WAR!)

Effects of the Industrialization Birth of modern societies - estates were replaced by classes - birth of a consumer society - birth of a mass production - organized leisure became more important; travelling in fashion! The scientific and technological progress - dynamo ( 1866), wireless telegraphy( 1899)

Automobile, 1870´s Europe´s colonial expansion ( once again!) - establishment and enlargement of vast colonial empires ( mainly in Africa) * Social effects of industrialization ( pp.311-313) why? What kind of reforms? Women´s role before and after the industrialization