The Three Branches of Canadian Government Legislative Executive Judicial

You Will Need to Know The role of each branch The positions in each branch Who decides who will be in each position and how they decide who will be in that position. The work of each branch

B.C. Lieutenant Governor Legislative branch Role: To create laws Positions in this branch: House of Commons (H of C) Senate The Monarch: King/Queen Governor General (GG) Lieutenant Governor (LG) Judith Guichon B.C. Lieutenant Governor

Legislative Branch Continued 3. Who selects and how? H of C: People by voting Senate: PM by appointment GG: PM and appointment by the Queen

Legislative Branch (Cont’d) 4. The work of this branch To pass laws (from bills) This involves the H of C and Senate Committees Origins of Bills: - Cabinet - Private Members Bill GG provides Royal Assent

Carries out (implements) the country’s laws Executive Branch Roles: Carries out (implements) the country’s laws Operates the administration of government  Parliament

Executive Branch (continued) 2. Positions in this branch: The Monarch Governor General (GG) Lieutenant General (LG) Prime Minister (PM) Cabinet Bureaucracy Departments/ ministries Crown corporations Regulatory agencies Advisory bodies Queen Elizabeth 2  (Monarch) David Johnston (GG) Justin Trudeau (PM)

Executive Branch (Cont’d) 3. Who selects and how: GG: PM with appointment by the Queen PM: chosen by the political party Cabinet: Appointed by PM Bureaucracy: Appointed by Gov’t and hired (cabinet circa 2008)

Executive Branch (cont’d) 4. The work of this branch: GG: ceremonial PM: Selects GG, Cabinet Management of Political Party Power of Organizing the Government: Departments, PMO Power of Dissolution

Still more Executive Branch Cabinet: Operates by Order-in-Council An Order in Council is a type of legislation. Two principal types of Order in Council exist: Orders in Council exercising the Royal Prerogative or Orders in Council made in accordance with an Act of Parliament. In Canada they are made in the name of the Governor General by the Queen's Privy Council for Canada (or in the case of provincial orders-in-council, orders are by the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council) An Order in Council made under the Royal Prerogative is primary legislation, and does not depend on any statute for its authority. This includes things like: the standing orders for civil servants and appointing heads of Crown corporations or Overseas Gov’t Departments Traditionally, Orders in Council are used as a way for the Prime Minister to make political appointments, but they can also be used to issue simple laws as a sort of decree. Cabinet includes: Ministers of permanent departments Ministers of State: small subordinated departments Ministers without portfolio

Executive Branch, I bet you thought it was over Bureaucracy and Government Dept’s: To administer Gov’t To provide Gov’t services A. Departments B. Crown Corporations C. Regulatory Agencies: set rules for business Ex. CRTC D. Advisory Bodies Royal commissions Tax forces

Judicial Branch 1. Role: 2. Positions in this branch: Interprets the law Adjudicates legal disputes 2. Positions in this branch: Judges Courts Supreme Court of Canada  *Note no relation to Santa Clause

Judicial Branch Cont’d 3. Who selects and how: Superior Court Judges: Appointed by PM Provincial Court Judges: Appointed by provincial Government

Judicial Branch Cont’d 4. The work of this branch: Judges: Interpret the law Adjudicated disputes over rights