European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015 Vienna | Austria | 12 – 17 April 2015 Long term global scale root zone soil moisture monitoring at ECMWF using a surface-only land data assimilation system C. Albergel(1), P. de Rosnay(1), C. Massari(2), L. Brocca(2), J. Munoz-Sabater(1), G. Balsamo(1), E. Dutra(1), T. Kral(1), L. Isaksen(1) and S. Boussetta(1) (1)European Centre for Medium Weather Forecast (ECMWF), Reading, UK (2)Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, CNR , Italy 28/05/2018
HSAF Project at ECMWF ECMWF H-SAF activities : developing surface and root zone SM based on satellite derived surface SM data assimilation (scatterometer data) Remote Sensing : shallow near surface layer Main variable of interest : root-zone soil moisture Complementarity between model and observations Assimilation algorithms : Combines observations and model trajectory Propagates information from surface observations into deeper layers 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-2 (H14), operational since 07/2012 Based on physical soil freezing processes representation, expressed into liquid soil moisture index (daily product, 25km) ASCAT operational SSM, screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) 0-7cm, 7-28cm, 28-100cm (100-289cm) SM-DAS-3 (H27) Re-analysis of SM-DAS-2 (16km) Provide long time series of the liquid root zone soil moisture index (covering 1992-2014) ASCAT & ERS reprocessed SSM, screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) 0-7cm 7-28cm http://hsaf.meteoam.it/soil-moisture.php 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-2 (H14), operational since 07/2012 Based on physical soil freezing processes representation, expressed into liquid soil moisture index (daily product, 25km) ASCAT operational SSM, screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) 0-7cm, 7-28cm, 28-100cm (100-289cm) SM-DAS-3 (H27) Re-analysis of SM-DAS-2 (16km) Provide long time series of the liquid root zone soil moisture index (covering 1992-2014) ASCAT & ERS reprocessed SSM, screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) 0-7cm 7-28cm http://hsaf.meteoam.it/soil-moisture.php 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : 2007-2013 Surface-only Land Data Assimilation System : ASCAT reprocessed data and screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : 2007-2013 Surface-only Land Data Assimilation System : ASCAT reprocessed data and screen level variables (T2M, RH2M) R R Anomaly time series USCRN USCRN R R Anomaly time series SCAN SCAN Better quality More data available 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation H27 vs. in situ measurements (France, USA) Winter Spring Summer Autumn Obs. H27 Monthly anomalies SCAN (USA) SMOSMANIA (Fr.) USCRN (USA) Obs. H27 2010-2011 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation H27 used for initializing simple event based rainfall-runoff model “Simplified Continuous Rainfall Runoff” model (SCRRM, Massari et al. 2014, HESS) Chiani Catchment 460 km2 (sub catchment of the Tiber River) 19 flood events, mean Nash-Sutcliffe=0.59, median Nash-Sutcliffe=0.69 Results provided by C. Massari, L. Brocca, Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, CNR , Italy 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation Estimating rainfall from soil moisture (Italy) talk from Brocca et al / EGU2015-2464 Better results compared to a control experiment (i.e. no data assimilation) 1 layer of soil [0-7] 5 days accumulated rainfall 1-3 layers of soil [0-100cm] 5 days accumulated rainfall Brocca, L., et al. (2013). A new method for rainfall estimation through soil moisture observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 40(5), 853-858, doi:10.1002/grl.50173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50173 Results provided by C. Massari, L. Brocca, Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, CNR , Italy 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation Surface / atmosphere interaction 1-day forecast initialised everyday (00:00UTC) June-Aug. 2008 using a control (Tctrl) and H27 (TH27) [uncoupled system] Sensitivity(T2M) = TH27 - Tctrl Blue : more water, cooling Yellow-red : less water, heating 28/05/2018
Monthly mean soil moisture increments SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation Surface / atmosphere interaction 1-day forecast initialised everyday (00:00UTC) June-Aug. 2008 using a control (Tctrl) and H27 (TH27) [uncoupled system] Sensitivity(T2M) = TH27 - Tctrl Blue : more water, cooling Yellow-red : less water, heating Monthly mean soil moisture increments (0-100cm) for July and June 2008 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : evaluation Surface / atmosphere interaction 1-day forecast initialised everyday (00:00UTC) June-Aug. 2008 using a control (Tctrl) and H27 (TH27) [uncoupled system] Sensitivity(T2M) = TH27 - Tctrl Impact(T2M) = |TH27 – Tan*|-|Tctrl- Tan | *Tan ECMWF IFS Blue : more water, cooling Yellow-red : less water, heating Blue : reduces errors Yellow-red : increases errors 28/05/2018
Water holding capacity = f(soil texture) SM-DAS-3 (H27) : Perspectives Key aspect of DA : prescription of background and observations errors H14 (H27 preliminary version) : fixed in time and space (0.01 m3m-3 model, 0.05 m3m-3 ASCAT) Background error : % of the water holding capacity (varies in space) [e.g. 5%, 3%, 1% for soil layers 1-3] Observation error (ASCAT) : ASCAT noise (varies in time and space) Water holding capacity = f(soil texture) ASCAT monthly mean Noise (march 2010) 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : Perspectives Key aspect of DA : prescription of background and observations errors H14 (H27 preliminary version) : fixed in time and space (0.01 m3m-3 model, 0.05 m3m-3 ASCAT) Background error : % of the water holding capacity (varies in space) [e.g. 5%, 3%, 1% for soil layers 1-3] Observation error (ASCAT) : ASCAT noise (varies in time and space) Layer 1 (0-7cm) Layer 2 (7-28cm) Layer 3 (28-100cm) 28/05/2018
SM-DAS-3 (H27) : Perspectives Develop & evaluate H27 over 1992-2014 In situ measurements when/where available Hydrological model T2m / RH2m forecast Optimise background and model errors Assess H27 added value compared to a control model experiment Impact of the different observations type (satellite derived SSM, screen level variables) 28/05/2018
http://hsaf.meteoam.it (/soil-moisture.php) European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015 Vienna | Austria | 12 – 17 April 2015 Long term global scale root zone soil moisture monitoring at ECMWF using a surface-only land data assimilation system Thank you for your attention! Contact : clement.albergel@ecmwf.int http://hsaf.meteoam.it (/soil-moisture.php) 28/05/2018