Umm Al-Qura University

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Presentation transcript:

Umm Al-Qura University بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Umm Al-Qura University Health Sciences College at Al-Leith Department of Public Health Lecture (4)

Giardia lamblia

Objectives 1/ Know of Giardia lamblia classification and Geographical distribution. 2/ Study of Giardia lamblia External Morphology,Habitat,Life cycle, Mode of Transmission,Pathogenicity. 3/ Show Symptoms of Giardiasis disease. 4/ Show Laboratory diagnosis of Giardia lamblia. 5/ Know Treatment and prevention.

Giardia trophozoite

Class: Zoomastigophorea The parasites belonging to this class, movement is carried out by means of flagellum or a number of flagella.

Intestinal flagellates Giardia lamblia (giardia intestinalis) Geographic distribution: Worldwide it occurs in all age groups, though incidence appear to be higher in children.

Habitat: Duodenum and the upper part of jejunum in man. Morphology: It exists in two forms: 1-Trophozoite form. 2- cyst form.

1- Trophozoite: This is the vegetative (actually feeding) stage which is responsible for the colonization of the parasite in the human beings.

Giardia trophozoite

Trophozoite measuring about 10 – 20 um in length, 6 – 15 um in width and 1 – 3 um in thickness. The dorsal surface is convex and the ventral surface is concave.

Giardia trophozoite

Giardia trophozoite

Giardia trophozoite

Giardia trophozoite

Giardia trophozoite

2-Cyst: the cysts are oval, measuring 8 – 14 um in length and 6 – 10 um in width. They contain four nuclei. The cysts are passed in the faeces. Cysts are the infective stages to man.

Giardia cyst

Giardia cyst

Giardia cyst

Giardia cyst

Lifecycle: Cysts transmitted through a water source. Which introduce into the human body by oral route through Contaminatted water and food.

Acidic environment of the stomach initiates excystation which is completed in duodenum and new trophozoites make their home among the intestinal villi.

Clinical manifestations: 1- Diarrhea. 2- Greasy stools. 3- Weight loss. 4- Abdominal cramps. 5- Headache. 6- Mucus in stools. 7- Low grade fever.

Diagnosis Examination of stool under the microscope for cysts or trophozoites; however, it takes three samples of stool to diagnose 90% of cases.

Microscope

Cover slip and slide

Iodine solution

Microscope

Treatment: 1- Metronidazole. 2- Tinidazole. 3- Flucazolidone. 4- Mepacrine.

Prevention 1- Introduction of adequate sanitation measures and education about the routes of transmission. 2- Avoid eating raw vegetables grown by sewerage irrigation and night soil. 3- Always wash hands with soap after going to the toilet before eating food.

Thanks Radia 45