Dropsonde RICO Atmospheric Technology Division/ NCAR Terry Hock

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Presentation transcript:

Dropsonde RICO Atmospheric Technology Division/ NCAR Terry Hock NCAR GPS Dropsonde Overview

NCAR Dropsonde History NCAR developed the first dropsonde in the early 1970’s Added Omega Wind Finding mid 1970’s (ODW) Developed L2D2 (Lightweight LORAN Digital Dropsonde) in 1984 Developed LOD2 (Light weight Omega Digital Dropsonde) 1986 Developed GPS Dropsonde 1996 for DLR, NOAA, NCAR. Dropsonde Technology Licensed to Vaisala as RD-92

Overview of Dropsonde Measures (PTH) Pressure Temperature Humidity (2-sensors) Wind speed and direction (GPS receiver) Sensor sample rate 2Hz (both PTH and GPS) Size: 2.75” Dia., 16” length Mass: 390 grams

Dropsonde Components Codeless GPS receiver PTH Vaisala module 400 MHz telemetry transmitter HC11 8-bit Microprocessor Lithium battery pack Sondes are manufactured by Vaisala inc, in Louisville, CO (licensed through UCAR)

Temperature Humidity QC

Temperature Humidity QC & raw

Wind Data QC

Wind Data QC and raw

Dropsonde Fall Velocity

ER-2 Temperature Profile

ER-2 Humidity Profile

ER-2 Temperature & Humidity Profile

DLR Falcon U & V GPS Winds

Sonde Fall Time Typical Fall Times 10,000 ft. – 4.5 Minutes

Aircraft Data System 4- Channel Telemetry Chassis Computer System 400 MHz Receivers GPS Proccessing Card PTH Buffer Sonde Interface Computer System AVAPS Drop Software ASPEN Software (Post Processing QC, Temp Drop, Skew-T)

Aircraft Data System 4 channel system allows for up to 4 sondes in the air simultaneously Channel can be re-used typical within 4 minutes of previous drop System requires one operator, if rapid drops are required two operators may be necessary

RICO Dropsonde Overview 280 Dropsondes NCAR C-130 Aircraft Standard 4 channel system ~ 12 Dropsonde released per flight Dropsondes released over water east of Barbuda

RICO Dropsonde Staffing One ATD Operator in the field (Korn) Dropsonde Operator for aircraft flights Sonde inventory Preliminary QC of the data Data archival Interface with the P.I.’s Equipment maintenance One operator can release dropsonde at a rate of one sonde every ~ 5 minutes, if drops ar required more frequent than a student assistant is required.

Technical Issues Dropsonde GPS Receiver (Winds) Aircraft P-Static (in high E-Fields) Manufacturing Reliability RF Multi-path