Gas Properties of Matter Solid Liquid © Denise Ritter

Matter Lesson One Matter: anything that takes up space Physical Property: anything you can observe about an object by using your senses Your senses are see, smell, taste, feel © Denise Ritter

What matter looks like: Physical properties that you can observe with your sight: Dull Shiny Colors Size © Denise Ritter

Physical property that you cannot see is: Temperature (you infer something is hot of you see steam coming from it or it’s cold if you see it with ice or snow.) © Denise Ritter

What matter feels like: Physical properties that you can feel: Scratchy (like wool sweaters) Rough (sandpaper/bark on tree/ gravel) Smooth (sand/mirror/book cover) Soft (animal fur) Sharp (animal’s claws) * You can feel some things you can’t see – the push of the wind or whether something is hot or cold © Denise Ritter

What matter tastes and smells like: sweet Pleasant odors – Food cooking/flowers sour Unpleasant odors- salty Skunk/barnyard smells bitter *Careful with tasting – some things can make you ill – even just a small piece. © Denise Ritter

Other properties of matter: Break – glass, twig Bounce - balls Stretch – rubber bands Bend – putty, clay, gel Magnets attract objects made of iron © Denise Ritter

Three State of Matter: Solid – takes up specific amount of space and has definite shape [volume stays the same] ex. ice, rocks Liquid – volume stays the same, but it can change its shape. Takes the shape of any container. ex. water, juice, milk Gas – takes the shape of the container it’s in – doesn’t have definite shape or definite volume ex. air © Denise Ritter

Solids, Liquids and Gas Atoms Atoms: basic building blocks of matter © Denise Ritter

How particles are connected: Solid: hard because particles don’t move very much. Particles very close together. Liquid: Particles are more loosely arranged than a solid. Particles slide past each other. Gas: Particles are not connected to each other and are not close to each other. Particles move in straight line until something stops it. Then it bounces off in a straight line. © Denise Ritter

How matter changes states: Adding heat or taking heat away causes matter to change states. Condensation: The outside warm air (humidity –moisture in air or water in a gaseous state) hits the cold surface of glass and the cold temperature turns the gaseous state of water back to a liquid state. © Denise Ritter

The process (adding more heat) in which a liquid becomes a gas. Evaporation: The process (adding more heat) in which a liquid becomes a gas. © Denise Ritter

Measuring matter: -Measuring Volume- Volume: amount of space matter takes up -Measuring Mass- Mass: amount of matter in an object *You can’t see mass – ex. Ping pong ball and golf ball **You can’t see most gases, but like all matter, gases have mass. © Denise Ritter

Tools for measuring mass and volume: Infant measuring spoon Vegetable scale Postage scale Graduate cylinder Measuring cup Bath scale © Denise Ritter

Adding Masses: If you take an object and cut it into pieces – the mass of the object has not changed. --Mass of all the object pieces is = to the mass of the whole object -- © Denise Ritter

Comparing Mass and Volume: Different objects can have the same volume but different masses -- think back to ping pong ball and the golf ball. © Denise Ritter

Mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or more different substances Mixtures can be combinations of solids, liquids, or gases. Examples: sand and gravel – mixture of solids muddy water – mixture of solid and liquid Smoke – mixture of solid and gas (air and smoke particles Coca Cola – mixture of gas and liquid © Denise Ritter

Mixtures Mixtures can be separated back to their individual substances through a variety of procedures. magnet strainer sieve hand tweezer © Denise Ritter

Mixtures Formed when two or more materials are combined They can be separated Some separate on their own – oil and water; oil is lighter and will rise to top Sugar/water mixture can be separated by heating it up and the evaporation of water leaves sugar crystals behind. © Denise Ritter

Solutions Some mixtures of certain substances such as with sugar in water form solutions. Solutions are formed when they mix equally throughout (top, middle and bottom) Examples: Brass - Solid Gas- Air Soda - Liquid © Denise Ritter