Introduction to Clinical Microbiology Lesson 7-1 Introduction to Clinical Microbiology

Overview Clinical microbiology encompasses Bacteriology Parasitology Virology Mycology See Table 7-1

Nomenclature Bacteria, fungi, and parasites Follow zoological nomenclature Two-part names Genus and specific epithet Italicized Naming system not used for viruses

Characteristics of Bacteria Morphology Multiply by fission Grow in colonies Shapes: coccus, bacillus, spiral Gram stain reactions

Bacteriology Growth requirements Degree of pathogenicity See Table 7-2 Normal flora Opportunistic pathogens Pathogens

Bacteriology Procedures Specimen collection Culture Bacterial identification methods See Tables 7-3, 7-4 Antibiotic susceptibility

Parasitology Parasites can affect any organ system See Table 7-5 Intestinal parasites Stool examination Helminths and protozoa Wet mounts Preserving and transporting specimens

Parasitology Blood and tissue parasites Three common parasites: Malaria Three common parasites: Trichomonas vaginalis Pinworm Giardia

Virology Characteristics of viruses Common viruses See Table 7-6

Virology Diagnostic testing in virology Viral culture Immunoassays Rapid tests See Table 7-7

Mycology Two groups of disease-causing fungi Characteristics of molds Yeasts Characteristics of molds Mycelium composed of hyphae Form spores Require special media

Mycology Characteristics of yeasts Larger than bacteria Eukaryotic Reproduce by budding

Mycology Mycoses – fungal diseases Identifying molds and yeasts Dimorphic fungi – pathogenic Opportunistic fungi Dermatophytes See Table 7-8 Identifying molds and yeasts See Table 7-9 This project was funded at $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.