Protoporphyrin IX–gold nanoparticle conjugates as an efficient photosensitizer in cervical cancer therapy Hossein Eshghi, PhD, Ameneh Sazgarnia, MSc, PhD, Mohammad Rahimizadeh, Neda Attaran, Mehdi Bakavoli, Samaneh Soudmand Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 304-312 (September 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003 Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Scheme 1 Schematic illustration of protoporphyrin IX–conjugated gold nanoparticle synthesis. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Extinction and fluorescence emission spectra (inset) of PpIX before and after conjugation with gold nanoparticles in water. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 TEM images of the PpIX–conjugated GNPs from highly concentrated solution (A) and from low concentrated solution of the samples (B). Histogram for the size distribution of Au nanoparticles (inserted bar graph in Fig. 2A). Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Cellular viability before light irradiation of samples. The effect of ‘dark’ toxicity and the phototoxicity of each individual component (from 2.5μg/ml to 20μg/ml) on HeLa cell viability was assessed by using the MTT assay. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 4 Cellular viability after PDT. The effect of PDT with PpIX (2.5 and 5μg/ml) on HeLa cell viability after irradiation for 1, 5 and 10min at 630nm. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 5 Cellular viability after PDT. The effect of PDT with PpIX–conjugated GNPs (2.5 and 5μg/ml) on HeLa cell viability when it is irradiated for 1, 5 and 10min using the diode laser at 630nm. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 6 Cellular viability after PDT. The effect of PDT with gold nanoparticles (2.5 and 5μg/ml) on HeLa cell viability after irradiation for 1 and 5min at 630nm. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 7 Cellular viability after PDT. The effect of PDT with PpIX and conjugated GNPs (2.5–20μg/ml) on HeLa cell viability when it is irradiated for 5min at 630nm. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Figure 8 Morphological observation of the cells after Giemsa's staining at actual magnification 400×: (A) Hela cells in control group; (B) HeLa cells after incubating with 5μg/ml PpIX; (C) HeLa cells after incubating with 5μg/ml nanoconjugate. Top panel: without light irradiation, bottom panel: after irradiation for 10min at 630nm. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10 Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2013 10, 304-312DOI: (10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions