DRUG RECOGNITION EXPERT DATA ENTRY & MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

HISTORY Developed in 2013 in New York by the Institute For Traffic Safety Management & Research (ITSMR) Initial development funded by the NYS Governor’s Traffic Safety Committee Application licensed by ITSMR in Fall 2015 Currently utilized by 5 states – New York, Vermont, Connecticut, West Virginia, & Ohio. Massachusetts (next month) 12 additional states have expressed interest in the system and are in various stages of the implementation process

System objectives 3 Distinct end users Drug Recognition Experts (DREs) – Provide DREs with a tool to capture and store data elements from the Drug Influence Evaluation (facesheet), toxicology, and narrative report forms in real time. Streamline the process for DREs – no duplicate work State Coordinators – Provide a resource and management tool for program managers to improve the effectiveness of the state’s DRE program. Researchers - Provide a robust Reporting, Query, and Analytic tool for long term program Evaluation.

BENEFITS OF THE SYSTEM Captures data electronically using either a tablet or web application & transmits it to a State specific DRE database. Uploads data from state DRE database to national DRE database. Includes comprehensive security features: CJIS compliant Fully encrypted data when transmitted Both the Tablet and Application are username/password protected Captures state specific data not collected by the National DRE database. Provides a platform for future system enhancement!

Functionality features All relevant data associated with the Drug Influence Evaluation are captured within the DRE Data Entry & Management System. Additional data elements are also captured at a State’s request. (i.e., medical marijuana) The data collected are automatically transferred to the standardized Drug Influence Evaluation form.

Data integrity Drop down menus are prefilled with State specific information and promote uniformity DREs Agencies Traffic Offenses Yes, No, Present, None They prevent variations in data from Misspellings Capitalization Non-uniform responses

Data integrity Toxicology results are entered from the tablet and are appended to the associated Evaluation record. This application feature captures: Laboratory that performed the test Test Date Whether drugs or alcohol were found Drug category and drug name

Data integrity When entering toxicology results, if the DRE selects Yes Drugs Found, additional fields are displayed to capture the drug information. Menu is displayed for the DRE to select the drug category. Depending on the drug category selected, a list of specific drugs within the category is displayed for selection.

Data integrity Edit and Error checks are built into the system. Mandatory fields must be completed before an evaluation can be submitted to the database. Edit checks have been added to ensure data integrity for many of the fields.

Data integrity Traffic ticket information is collected from the arresting officer. Ticket information allows analysts to combine the initial reason for the vehicle stop with the DRE evaluation.

Management console Real time data for program management Since DREs are utilizing tablets to complete their evaluations, their data immediately populates the database and is accessible. State Coordinators now have the ability to: Monitor their DREs activity via a Management Console View all Evaluations, Narratives, and Toxicology reports submitted by DREs Managers view the actual work product, not raw numbers. Export the table to a .csv file for a quick analysis.

Management console Real time data for program management State Coordinators have the ability to perform advanced searches as well. Look at the work of a particular DRE Select Date Ranges Focus the search on the status of Evaluations, Narratives, or Toxicology entries.

Management console Real time data for program management The system provides the State Coordinator the ability to refine their focus. Any field contained within the database can be utilized to refine a search. This allows the State Coordinator to explore in detail: How DREs are being used To answer ANY questions they may have regarding DRE activity. The possibilities are endless!!

QUERY AND REPORTING Long term data for program analysis Raw data rather than the work product provided in the Management console. Evaluations Characteristics of event Geographic location Time of day Roadway type Was there a crash involved? Injury? Demographic characteristics of subject Age, Sex, Race Does the subject possess a medical marijuana card?

QUERY AND REPORTING Long term data for program analysis Evaluations Percentage of refusals Refusal for BAC Refusal for Chemical test Length of time elapsed between arrest and DRE notification Linking ticket information to evaluation data Is there are a correlation between driving behavior and DRE observations during the evaluation? Divided attention tests? Eye exam? Biological data? Drug category?

QUERY AND REPORTING Long term data for program analysis Toxicology BAC level found Class of drug & specific drug(s) found Is drug category correlated to Age? Sex? Race? Number of evaluations lacking a toxicology report Length of time lapsed between the evaluation and the lab test date Are there wide variations in processing times amongst the labs? Results of evaluation - opinion of DRE Does the evaluator’s opinion match the lab results?

QUERY AND REPORTING Long term data for program analysis Program Management How many evaluations conducted? Who? When? Where? How are DREs being funded during evaluations? Crackdown periods Overtime saturation patrols Regular time What’s the average length of time to complete an evaluation? How many evaluations are the result of a referral from an ARIDE trained officer? Quarterly and Annual statistics, including tables & graphs

State of new York dre evaluations A brief look at DRE evaluations conducted in the State of New York between 01/01/2015 – 12/31/2016

State of new York 01/2015 – 12/2016 The focus of the remaining slides will be on the 2,855 Total Enforcement evaluations for 2015 & 2016.

State of new York 01/2015 – 12/2016

State of New York 01/2015 – 12/2016

State of New York 01/2015 – 12/2016

BAC & BIOLOGICAL TESTS From the 2,855 evals, 2,718 (95%) BACs were administered. 2,327 (82%) Biological samples were taken. 75 (3%) evaluations had neither a BAC nor Biological sample taken.

BIOLOGICAL TESTS Of the biological samples taken: 1,141 were tested by a lab and entered in the system by DREs, 1,151 are still waiting for lab results or for data entry by DREs. 68% of the reports have been missing for more than 6 months. 33% of the reports have been missing for more than 1 year.

State of New York 01/2015 – 12/2016

State of New York 01/2015 – 12/2016

State of New York 01/2015 – 12/2016 Drug category results for specimens tested. 70% of specimens tested contained more than 1 drug Cannabis was the drug of greatest frequency amongst males (38%). CNS Depressants was the drug of greatest frequency amongst females (34%).

Garbage In  Garbage Out Conclusion Garbage In  Garbage Out The system provides the DRE with a tool to assist in the administration of the 12 step evaluation as well as improves their overall efficiency. The system provides Program Managers the ability to monitor and manage the DRE program in REAL TIME. The system provides researchers the ability to evaluate the program over time and to analyze trends. The flexibility of the Rule Engine, Drop Down menus, and state specific customization provides ITSMR the ability to enhance data integrity and meet state specific reporting needs. Good data coupled with effective program management and program evaluation equals greater program results!

CONTACT INFORMATION Jerry Miller Project Director DRE Data Entry & Management System Institute for Traffic Safety Management & Research 80 Wolf Road – Suite 607 Albany, NY 12205 518-453-0291 ext 110 jmiller@itsmr.org