Secession Regional Advantages & Disadvantages Strategy AP US History

First Inaugural Address Lincoln argues: Place the burden of conflict on the South The Union is indivisible

Federal Facilities North & South do still communicate Lincoln will resupply (not reinforce) remaining forts Confederate Congress urges the taking of forts Ft. Sumter is fired upon after Anderson does not surrender

Effects of Firing on Ft. Sumter Strengthened Union Resolve (many believe the cause is just) Places the burden of disunion, aggression, and treason on the South Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops

Contest for the Border States Border states: Virginia, N. Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas likely to go Confederate Virginia is a model for south Critical border states: Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri—why? Kentucky-control of Ohio River for supplies Missouri-control of the Mississippi River Maryland/Missouri are held with Federal Troops KY basically becomes neutral during the war Union detaches West Virginia

A Brother’s War

What are the advantages for the North & South in 1861 ? Disadvantages

Comparing the North & the South Make Guided Notes into a mini-DBQ with the above awesome question.

Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the South

The Union & Confederacy in 1861

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Immigrants as a % of a State’s Population in 1860

Ohio Military Service

Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator” The Confederate “White House” The Confederacy MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator” Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens The Confederate “White House”

A Northern View of Jeff Davis

To what extent did the South have a greater possibility of winning their revolution against the North compared to the American colonists chance of successful rebellion against Great Britain?

Southern Strategy: Defend and delay until Union gives up. Quick victories to demoralize Union Alliance with Great Britain Capture Washington, D.C. Defend Richmond Sought decisive battle that would convince the Union it wasn’t worth it Use better military leadership to their advantage and outsmart Union generals.

Northern Strategy: Aggressive offensive to crush the rebellion. War of attrition: South has less manpower… Gen Winfield Scott’s Anaconda Plan Control river systems: Ohio and Mississippi Blockade and seizure of ports War goal: Preserve Union and later abolish slavery Capture Richmond Don’t allow Confederacy to rest.

Sea Power Union slow to organize 42 ships (12 in US) 3,500 miles of coastline Largely a “paper-blockade” By 1862: significantly more effective Europe honors a paper blockade

Blockade Effective? Blockade running Poor Southern Strategy Ideal: Export lots of cotton before blockade becomes effective Reality: South withholds cotton Europe does not need cotton, Europe is short on grain!!! Europe plants cotton in the Imperialistic empires (India/Egypt for Britain)

The Armies Northern Army Southern Army 1.5 million served 1 out of 7 deserted 1862: $300 bounties for substitutes July 1862—30% of soldiers drafted Southern Army .9 million eventually served 1 out of 9 deserted Draft accounts for 6% of CSA soldiers Majority of both sides under 21 years old

Casualties on Both Sides 600,000 dead out of a population of 31 million Population of the US increases by 8 million during the 1860s Poor medical treatment makes casualties higher than it should have been

Discussion Question How would US History change if the Civil War had never happened?