11.1: Civil War Begins Intro to Civil War Video North and South – Adv and Disadv PS: Lincoln’s Inaugural Address (March 4, 1861) Reading and Questions

Fort Sumter off coast of Charleston, SC Confed demanded surrender of fort Lincoln’s goal  not start war - send only food supply ships April 12, 1861 Confederate commanders attacked - fort surrendered - war began - four more states joined Confed – VA, NC, TN, AS

Presidential Election 1860 - Lincoln Wins (180 of 303 electoral votes)

Advantages and Disadvantages North industrialized market economy  tremendous amount of resources much larger population [21 mil.] = more manpower larger, stronger navy powerful, organized central gov’t support of liberated/runaway slaves in South However… having to invade “foreign” territory  offensive war = harder weak generals South fighting on home soil for independence and way of life really good generals To win, only had to keep North out However… smaller everything: pop. [9 mil], army, navy, economy nearly NO industrialization = fewer resources developing central gov’t  state rights social class problems (slaves and small farmers vs. plantation owners)

Union’s Early Strategy had to divide, conquer, and occupy the S Anaconda Plan blockade Southern ports – cut off exports (cotton) and imports control Mississippi R.  split Confed in half capture Confed. capital in Richmond, VA