Engines.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 24 Thermodynamics

Advertisements

The study of heat energy through random systems

Dr. Jie ZouPHY Chapter 22 Heat Engines, Entropy, and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Physics I The Second Law of Thermodynamics Prof. WAN, Xin

Explain why the heat flow for a home is different in the winter vs. the summer.

 Industrial societies spend huge amounts of energy.  Much of it is supply by electricity which comes from generators in power stations.

Chapter 15. ThermodynamicsThermodynamics  The name we give to the study of processes in which energy is transferred as heat and as work  There are 4.

Energy & Its Impact on Global Society Jerome K. Williams, Ph.D. Saint Leo University Dept. Mathematics & Sciences.

L 20 Thermodynamics [5] heat, work, and internal energy heat, work, and internal energy the 1 st law of thermodynamics the 1 st law of thermodynamics the.

C H A P T E R 15 Thermodynamics The Second Law of Thermodynamics Heat flows spontaneously from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance.

Chapter 15: Thermodynamics

VII. The second low of Thermodynamics

September 28, 2013 Diego Villarreal SHP – Columbia University Thermodynamics & Energy Conversions.

Thermodynamics Chapter 24. Topics Thermodynamics –First law –Second law Adiabatic Processes Heat Engines Carnot Efficiency Entropy.

AP Physics Chapter 15 The Laws of Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of processes in which energy is transferred as heat and as work. A system.

ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS Dr. M.R.SWAMINATHAN Assistant Professor Internal Combustion Engineering Division Department of Mechanical Engineering ANNA UNIVERSITY.

Thermodynamic cycles 2nd law of Thermodynamics Carnot Cycle Lecture 30: 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.

Functions, Purpose, and Examples

Work Done by a Gas Work=(Force)x(distance) Work=(Force)x(distance) =F  y Force=(Presssure)x(Area) Force=(Presssure)x(Area) W=P(A  y) W=P(A  y) =P 

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Chapter 13: Thermodynamics

First Law of Thermodynamics  The first law of thermodynamics is often called the Law of Conservation of Energy.

Engines. Second Law I  Real processes often make sense in only one direction in time.  The second law of thermodynamics states this: Heat flows naturally.

The Bases of Energy: forms, units and efficiency

2 nd Law of Thermodynamics Heat Engines. 2 nd Law Heat flows naturally from high temperature to low temperature, never in reverse.

Chapter 3.1 Laws of Thermodynamics. Systems  A system is a set of interconnected parts  An open system is one that exchanges both matter and energy.

Second law of thermodynamics. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Heat Engines A gasoline engine is a form of a heat engine, e.g. a 4-stroke engine INTAKE stroke: the piston descends from the top to the bottom of the.

KIMIA LINGKUNGAN BAGIAN 2: TERMODINAMIKA. PREVIEW In this third part of the course we:  define and apply a number of thermodynamic ideas and concepts.

1 3E-03 Fire Syringe RAPID COMPRESSION IS ADIABATIC GIVING RAPID RISE OF AIR TEMPERATURE IN THE CHAMBER WHICH EXCEEDS THE IGNITION TEMPERATURE OF THE FLAMMABLE.

Thermal Energy & Heat Heat and Its Uses. Thermal Energy & Heat 16.1 Thermal Energy and Matter.

First Law of Thermodynamics Conservation of Energy for Thermal Systems.

Chapter 10: Section 3.  Describe the Second Law of Thermodynamics  Explain how to calculate an engine’s efficiency  Relate entropy to an engine’s efficiency.

19 Second Law Thermo Heat Engines and 2 nd Law Thermodynamics Hk: 27, 35.

B3.1 Laws of Thermodynamics. 1 st Law of Thermodynamics Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another Example: Flashlight.

Heat Engines and Heat Pumps

Second Low of Thermodynamics

Chapter Seven Section 1 Section 6 Section 2 Section 7 Section 3

COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANTS BY SELVAN P AP/MECH

Heat Engines Perpetual Motion Machines are Impossible hot reservoir TH

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Chapter 1 Introductions

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Lecture/Notes on Heat Engines, Carnot Engines, and Entropy.

Thermodynamics and Efficiency

Chapter 8 Production of Power from Heat.

Energy consumption in the United States

Second Law of Thermodynamics Engines and Refrigerators

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Heat Engines Heat Engines. First Law and Heat Engines Carnot cycle.

Chapter 2 Energy Transfer by Heat, Work & Mass

Z.E. Z.E. Z.E. IE 211 INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

Thermal Energy & Heat Heat and Its Uses.

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Chapter 6 The Second Law of Thermodynamics

First and Second Law of Thermodynamics

Energy Environment ENVE 411 Energy conversions.

C H A P T E R 15 Thermodynamics

Heat and thermodynamics Lesson 6.3. Thermodynamics It is the study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of energy.

Thermodynamics AP Physics B.

Thermodynamics AP Physics B.

AP Physics B – Chapter 18 - Walker

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

3.1 Laws of Thermodynamics

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Energy in thermal systems

Heat Engines and Heat Pumps

Thermodynamics AP Physics B.

Presentation transcript:

Engines

Second Law I Real processes often make sense in only one direction in time. The second law of thermodynamics states this: Heat flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object; heat will not flow spontaneously from a cold object to a hot object.

Heat Engine A device that changes thermal energy into mechanical work is a heat engine. Requires two temperature reservoirs Takes heat in and exhausts heat out Conservation of energy applies. |QH| = |QL| + |W|

Steam Engine Steam is produced setting the high temperature. Expanding steam pushes a piston doing work. Steam is condensed setting the low temperature.

Steam Turbine A steam turbine replaces a piston with a paddlewheel. Most power plants use steam turbines. Fuel is used to make steam Coal Oil Natural gas Uranium

Efficiency The efficiency of a heat engine compares the work done to the heat into the engine. Measures fuel and work Efficiency also can compare heat in and out.

Exhaust An auto engine has an efficiency of 20% and produces 23 kW of mechanical power. How much heat is discharged per second? The efficiency is 0.20. The output work in 1 s is W = 23 kJ. Find the input heat. QH = W / e = 115 kJ Find the output heat. QL / QH = 1 – e QL = QH (1 – e) = 92 kJ DQL / Dt = 92 kW

Second Law II Efficiency can only equal 1 when QL = 0. Perfect conversion to mechanical work Not possible with real systems The second law of thermodynamics can also read: No device is possible whose sole effect is to transform a given amount of heat into work.