Biological Levels of Organization

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Biological Levels of Organization http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=D601FCE2-B6F4-446E-8763-A1B9A9BA86C7 Cell – basic unit of structure and function Organelles – structures in the cell that perform specific functions Groups of cells form tissues. Groups of different tissues form organs. Groups of different organs working together form organ systems. Organ systems make up an organism. Show UnitedStreaming video clip.

Organization of the Human Body: Body cavities Layers of membranes within body cavities Organ systems

1. Body Cavities Axial portion – head, neck, and trunk Appendicular portion – upper and lower limbs (“append” = to hang) Axial portion: Dorsal cavity (“dors” = back) Ventral cavity Dorsal cavity: Cranial cavity (“cran” = helmet) Vertebral canal

1. Body Cavities (cont.) Ventral cavity: Thoracic cavity: Abdominopelvic cavity Thoracic cavity: Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are separated by the diaphragm. Mediastinum A region that separates the thoracic cavity into 2 compartments containing the right and left lungs All other thoracic viscera (organs) are in the mediastinum.

1. Body Cavities (cont.) Abdominopelvic cavity: Abdominal cavity – contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, and most of the small and large intestines Pelvic cavity (“pelv” = basin) – contains the terminal portion of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs. Smaller cavities in the head: Oral cavity Nasal cavity Orbital cavities Middle ear cavities Hand out blank outline forms of the body cavities for the students to complete. Teaches organization of the body cavities. (Answers on the next 2 slides)

1. Body Cavities Summary Appendicular portion Axial portion Upper limbs Lower limbs Axial portion Dorsal cavity Vertebral canal Cranial cavity Oral cavity Nasal cavity Orbital cavities Middle ear cavities

1. Body Cavities Summary (cont.) Ventral cavity Thoracic cavity Mediastinum Right lung Left lung Abdominopelvic cavity Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity