Characteristics of living things

Take a close look at the next slide and try to spot all the living things in the picture. 1

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some examples of living things in the picture below are trees , grass, birds, a farmer, a dog and a cow . Although they look and behave differently they all have one thing in common . Being alive !

There are 5 main characteristics of living things 4

1- Made of cells 5

All living things are made of cells. What is a cell All living things are made of cells. What is a cell? A cell is the smallest unit of living things. A cell is the building block of living things. The cell is a membrane like structure that contains all the materials necessary for life . 6

Even You are made of small building blocks called cells 7

Some organisms are composed of only ONE CELL These organisms are called UNICELLULAR OEGANISMS . They can only be seen with a microscope . Examples of these organisms are : Amoeba and Bacteria 8

Multicellular organisms Some organisms like Humans are made of trillions of cells. Any organism that is composed of more than one cell is called Multicellular organism. ! 9

. Each group of cells in a multicellular organism has its own shape , size , and function. Different groups of cells work together to keep the organism .alive I’m a Prison Cell!  Group of skin cells Group of muscle cells ! 10

2-Respond to stimuli 11

If the flash of a camera Goes off near your eyes You will respond (react) to the bright light by blinking . The flash of light stimulated your blinking 12

Click on the button to learn more about stimulus and response What is a stimulus? It’s any change that affects the living organism A reaction towards this change is called Response . Click on the button to learn more about stimulus and response 13

Click on the picture to learn more about homeostasis Maintaining stable internal conditions to survive . Example : Body Temperature and Heart beats Click on the picture to learn more about homeostasis 14

3- Reproduction 15

3-Reproduction The process of making new copies of an organism through passing copies of all or part of the parents’ DNA to their offspring (children). 16

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that controls the structure and function of cells. 17

Types of reproduction Sexual Reproduction 1-Two parents are involved . (Male and female ) 2-Offsprings receive part of The DNA from each parent 3-Most animals and plants Reproduce by sexual reproduction Asexual Reproduction 1- Only One Parent 2-Offsprings receive the same exact copy of DNA from their parent. 3-Offsprings look exactly like their parent Ex: Amoeba by Binary Fission Hydra by Budding 18

Hydra 19

Most Unicellular organisms and some plants reproduce Asexually Hydra : it’s a simple multicellular animal that lives in sea water . Hydra Reproduces by “Budding: 1- A small bud appears on the side 2-The bud grows looking exactly like its parent 3-The bud breaks off 4-The new offspring separate and get carried By the water where it settles some Place else 20

Binary Fission Amoeba and Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called Binary Fission In Binary fission the cell grows and then splits into two identical cells 21

4- Need energy 22

Living things need energy to 1-carry out the activities of life. 2- make or break down food. 3- move materials into and out of cells 4- build and repair cells. 5- move and to interact with each other.

BUT HOW DO ORGANISMS GET THEIR FOOD ? All living things need to get energy Food BUT HOW DO ORGANISMS GET THEIR FOOD ? 23

1-Producers 2-Consumers 3-Decomposers Living things are divided into three groups according to how they obtain nutrients 1-Producers 2-Consumers 3-Decomposers 24

1-Producers Producers : they (produce) make their own food using the sun’s energy. A producer could be a plant or green algae. 25

2-Consumers Consumers : They (Consume) Take in food. A consumer could be Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore 26

They break down dead plants and animals into simple useful materials that the soil can use. Examples: Bacteria ,Fungi and some Worms. 3-Decomposer 27

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5-Grow and Develop 29

All living things grow during some period of their lives. When a unicellular organism grows, it gets larger and then divides, forming two cells. 30

Can you guess who this is ? 31

When a multicellular organism grows, the number of cells in its body increases, and the organism gets bigger. 32

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