Monitoring the Rate of a Reaction

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Monitoring the Rate of a Reaction S2/3 Chemistry Monitoring the Rate of a Reaction

Progress of a Reaction The reaction to be studied is between pieces of marble and hydrochloric acid. Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

Progress of a reaction The reaction is followed by measuring the total volume of gas every 2 minutes.

Progress of a Reaction The steeper the graph, the faster the reaction rate.

Calculating the Rate Rate of Reaction is the change in quantity of a reactant or product per unit of time

Calculating the Rate Since the rate of reaction is changing all the time you can only calculate the average rate during any time interval. average rate = change in quantity change in time

Calculating the Rate The units used for rate depends upon which type of quantity is involved (mass, volume or concentration)

Calculating the Rate Calculate the rate of reaction for the first two minutes

Calculating the Rate Calculate the rate of reaction for the first two minutes 40 cm3 = 20cm3/min 2 min

Calculating the Rate Calculate the rate of reaction for the second two minutes

Calculating the Rate Calculate the rate of reaction for the second two minutes 20cm3 = 10cm3/min 2 min

Calculating the Rate The reaction rate is highest at the start of the reaction The rate of reaction is never constant The rate of reaction decreases quickly at the start The rate of the reaction is 0 when the reaction has stopped.