Vocab Number 5

Justinian- reclaimed much of the Western Roman Empire for the Byzantine Empire in an attempt to restore Rome to its former glory Justinian Code- the body of Roman civil law collected and organized by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian Hagia Sophia- the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Constantinople, built by the order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian Patriarch- the principal leader in the eastern branch of Christianity Icons- religious symbols used by eastern Christians Excommunication- the taking away of a persons membership in a Christian church Slavs- a people from the forests north of the Black Sea who’s society and culture blended with the Greeks and created Russian culture

Vladimir- United the Slavic people under Christianity and built Kiev into a capital city for the Slavic people Czar- a Russian emperor (from the Roman title of Caesar) Genghis Khan- (universal ruler) Mongolian ruler who united the Mongol clans and started the Mongolian Empire Pastoralist- a member of a nomadic group that herds domesticated animals Clan- a group of people descended from a common ancestor Pax Mongolica- “Mongol Peace” – the period when the Mongols imposed stability and law and order across much of Eurasia Kublai Khan- the grandson of Genghis Khan who ruled over the Mongol Empire during its height Marco Polo- Italian explorer, and one of the first Europeans to travel across Asia, and a government official of Kublai Khan

Ghazi- warriors for Islam Ottomans- followers of the ghazi Osman, and the builders of a Muslim state in Anatolia Sultan- “overlord” or “one with power”; title for the Ottoman rulers during the rise of the Ottoman Empire Janissary- a member of an elite force of soldiers in the Ottoman Empire Constantine- stopped the persecution of Christians and made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; and moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople Theodora Ivan III