Verification of the Principle of Conservation of Momentum

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Presentation transcript:

Verification of the Principle of Conservation of Momentum Using a ticker timer T.H. The Professional Development Service for Teachers is funded by the Department of Education and Skills under the National Development Plan

Apparatus PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 2

The ticker tape timer This is connected to 12 V AC. It prints 50 dots per second on a strip of ticker tape paper. Each dot is printed 1/50 of a second after the one before it. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 3

Precautions Clean the runway with spirits to remove any dust or debris. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 4

Precautions Adjust the slope of the runway until the dots are equally spaced when a single trolley is given a quick push. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 5

To see if you’ve compensated enough for friction: give a trolley a slight push and see if the dots are equally spaced. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 6

Set up the apparatus as in the photograph. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 7

Method Give Trolley A a push and release it immediately. It will collide with Trolley B and the pins and cork will ensure that they stick together. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 8

Method Calculate the speed of Trolley A and the speed of the combined trolleys from the ticker tape. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 9

Conservation of momentum In the absence of external forces: the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 10

Conservation of momentum Thus PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 11

Method Find the mass of trolley A. Convert to standard units. (Write the result down.) PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 12

Method Find the mass of trolley B. Convert to standard units. (Write the result down.) PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 13

Find the velocity of trolley A from this tape PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 14

Answer PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 15

Find the velocity of the combined trolleys. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 16

Answer PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 17

Use these results to see if the experiment verifies the principle of conservation of momentum. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 18

Results PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 19

Conclusion The total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after (to two significant figures.) This experiment verified the principle of conservation of momentum to two significant figures. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 20

Further Work Repeat the entire experiment, adding weights to either or both trolleys. PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 21