Middle East Essential Background.

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Presentation transcript:

Middle East Essential Background

Objectives Describe the downfall of the Ottoman Empire. Read an article for understanding. Identify problems ME nations faced after independence. Explain how some nations have progressed towards modernization.

Warm Up How has geography affected the peoples of the Middle East? Crossroads of trade & cultural exchange; shared ideas, inventions of many cultures.

Early Empires Muslim Empire Spain, North Africa –> India Damascus, Baghdad 700-1200 AD height civilization 1095 European Crusades begin Disintegrated into independent kingdoms

Early Empires Ottoman Empire Turks from Central Asia Capital Istanbul 1500-1600 height civilization Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent 1800’s European Imperialism Defeat WWI ended empire Mandates

“How the Middle East Got That Way” Article & Questions Reading Activity “How the Middle East Got That Way” Article & Questions

Arab Nationalism Common destiny for all Arab people. Pan Arabism Arab League (1945) Improve economic, cultural, social programs Settle disputes, negotiate internationally Joint defense alliance Not fully recognized

Obstacles Ethnic Divisions Modernization vs. Westernization Demand self-rule within Wars between Modernization vs. Westernization Want technology, despise culture Economic Gap Socialism Guest-workers Developing Agriculture Population Growth Strain food, water supplies Urbanization Youth rebellion Extremism Fundamentalism & Sharia Law Terrorism

Closure How did Allied actions post WWI help create today’s ME tension? Ignored ethnic & religious differences while creating new countries.