Naming Covalent (Molecular) Compounds

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Naming Covalent (Molecular) Compounds Thursday, January 18th, 2018

Ionic vs Molecular Compounds Ionic compounds– consist of any of the following four combinations of atoms…can you name them? Molecular compounds– consist of… Characteristics of Ionic vs Molecular compounds:

Ionic vs Molecular Compounds Ionic compounds– consist of any of the following four combinations of atoms…can you name them? metal + nonmetal [NaCl] metal + polyatomic ion [NaOH] polyatomic ion + nonmetal [NH4Cl] polyatomic ion + polyatomic ion [NH4OH] Molecular compounds– nonmetals only

What’s This?

What’s This?

Naming Molecular compounds: To name a molecular compound you need to be familiar with the following prefixes: Prefixes are used to determine the number of atoms in a molecular compound, and appear prior to the name of the element. Ex) N2O2 dinitrogen dioxide *NOTICE – like ionics the ending of the second atom is the –ide suffix ending. But unlike ionics… ALL molecular compounds end in –ide.

Concepts First element keeps its name. Ex. N = Nitrogen Nomenclature Rules for Covalent Compounds First element keeps its name. Ex. N = Nitrogen Second element is named like an anion (change its ending to –ide). Ex. Oxygen = Oxide Use prefixes to denote the number of atoms of each. Ex. NO2 = Nitrogen Dioxide ** Exception: Do not use “mono” prefix if only one of the FIRST element.

N2O BaSO4 Li2O NH4NO3 SF6 The BIG EXCEPTION: The prefix mono- is dropped when there is only one (1) atom at the beginning of a molecular compound Ex) CO2 carbon dioxide (not monocarbon dioxide) Ex) CO carbon monoxide (not monocarbon monoxide) Based on the above information identify and name the compounds [ ionic (I) , molecular (M) ]: N2O BaSO4 Li2O NH4NO3 SF6

Practice Covalent Compound Examples Naming Covalent Compounds CO2 N2O5 CBr4 BI3 P2S3 BF6 CO Naming Covalent Compounds

Concepts Identify the symbols for each atom. Writing Formulas for Covalent Compounds Identify the symbols for each atom. Attach appropriate subscripts based on the prefixes. Examples: Dinitrogen Trichloride Carbon Tetrafluoride

Practice Covalent Compound Examples Dinitrogen Pentoxide Carbon Tetrafluoride Nitrogen Monoxide Phosphorous Tribromide Dicarbon Hexahydride Boron trichloride Dihydrogen Monoxide Writing Formulas For Covalent Compounds