Age of Reason What role do ideas play in historical change? The Enlightenment Age of Reason What role do ideas play in historical change?

TRADITIONS & SUPERSTITIONS A CHANGE IN THINKING (old) TRADITIONS & SUPERSTITIONS (Divine Right) (new) REASON & LOGIC (natural laws) v. Prompted by Sci Rev Rationalism Skepticism Nostalgia for the past Religious Emotional Irrational

“Philosophes” Thinkers of the Enlightenment Salons ~ gatherings of the cultural elite (hosted by women) Lavish entertainment, food, dress Critics of society; publish ideas Nature of man; Form of government Develop idea of “natural rights;” rejection of divine right theory

Do Now: The Philosophes 1. Define (the best you can. ):. a Do Now: The Philosophes 1. Define (the best you can!): a. Nature of Man: b. State of Nature: c. Contract: 2. How were the actions/attitudes of the philosophes different than the norm? 3. What might influence peoples’ opinion on human nature?

The Great Debate v. HOBBES LOCKE

Rousseau, Voltaire, Monstesquieu Enlightenment Thinkers: What do they think are our natural rights? Rousseau, Voltaire, Monstesquieu

Do Now: What is the purpose of music? Baroque (1600-1750) Classical (1750-1820) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Af372EQLck What form of government does this music best represent? What form of government does this music best represent?

Who said the following quote? 1. “People are born with natural rights and among them are the right to life, liberty & the pursuit of happiness.” 2. Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.” 3. “There are three sorts of power in government.” 4. “Everyone has the right to make use of their pens.” 5. “Man is evil and must surrender his rights in order to live.” 6. “Power in government comes from the consent of the governed.”

Do Now: The Legacy of the Enlightenment 1 Do Now: The Legacy of the Enlightenment 1. What were COMMON Enlightenment ideas? 2. Who would find the ideas of the Enlightenment appealing? 1. People have natural rights (inalienable) 2. Anti-Divine Right/Absolute Power 3. Use Reason/Question 1. COLONIAL PEOPLE (Citizens under an absolute monarch!) 2. Ideas will spread West (U.S., France, Latin America)

True or False? Mary Wollstonecraft was in favor of woman’s rights. The essence of her thought was that a woman’s mind is inferior to that of a man. To speak about woman’s rights was a radical act. According to Rousseau, women should be taught when they are young to fight for their rights. In 1792, women could not even ask for a divorce or own possessions. According to Mr. Lundberg, education is the most dangerous idea in her book. Wollstonecraft argues that women are born mindless. Wollstonecraft argues that the rights of “men” ought to mean of “humanity.”

Mercantilist Policies: Colonists export raw materials ONLY to mother country Colonies may ONLY buy goods from mother country Colonies exist ONLY to benefit mother country

Do Now: Are there ever instances when you believe that peoples’ rights should be taken away? WHEN/Why or why not? Explain YOUR answer!

Questions: What policy did the Bush administration pursue in 2002? Why did they pursue this policy? How would John Locke respond to this policy? Why? How would Thomas Hobbes respond to this policy? Why? What is YOUR response to this policy? Why?