A Brief History of Internet Exchanges

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Presentation transcript:

A Brief History of Internet Exchanges Version 0.1 May, 2002 Bill Woodcock Packet Clearing House

First Exchanges Metropolitan Access Experiment Metropolitan Area Ethernet Metropolitan Area Exchange WorldCom MAE-East™ Washington, D.C. 10mb shared FOIRL(Magnums) into assorted switches No fixed topology, four initial locations MFS fiber plant Shared administration Late 1992 Sprint/ICM, Alternet, PSI, SURAnet, NSFnet

First Exchanges Commercial Internet Exchange Palo Alto Layer-3 MMLPA Commodity DS1 (T1) lines into a Cisco 7010 1991 Not-for-profit industry association Alternet, PSI, Cerfnet

First Exchanges MAE-West / Federal Internet Exchange San Jose / Mountain View FDDI “dumbbell” ring Bridged to 10mb Ethernet in many locations Two locations, two administrations

First Exchanges Hong Kong Internet Exchange Chinese University of Hong Kong Single location Ethernet switch Administered by the university First major free exchange

Technological Progression Shared 10Base-T / FOIRL Ethernet Switched 10mb Ethernet Shared FDDI Switched FDDI 100Base-T / 100Base-FX Gigabit Ethernet 10Gigabit Ethernet

Other Technologies Layer-3 route-servers Frame Relay ATM Wireless Ethernet Crossconnect mesh DPT

Common Services Route-server Looking-glass Measurement and instrumentation Network Time Protocol Web cache parent News server Root server mirror

Common Business Models Hosted by a university or government Informal Industry association Neutral for-profit Anything else may not be recognized

Size Differentiation Municipal Large metro-area National “Regional” (meaning changing)

Peering / Transit Differentiation New concept Very different pricing Very different competitiveness

Bill Woodcock woody@pch.net www.pch.net/documents/papers/brief-history-of-ixes