Chapter Menu Lesson 1: Forms of Energy Lesson 2: Energy Transfer Lesson 3: Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Lesson 4: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding lesson.

3.1 Forms of Energy energy kinetic energy potential energy elastic potential energy thermal energy

Energy Is the ability to cause change 3.1 Forms of Energy Energy Is the ability to cause change The energy carried by the moving baseball caused this window change

Energy (cont.) Is measured in units of joules (J) 3.1 Forms of Energy Energy (cont.) Is measured in units of joules (J) There are many different forms of energy Where does energy come from?

3.1 Forms of Energy Two Types of Energy Kinetic energy– energy an object has because it is moving Potential energy– stored energy

Kinetic Energy The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on: 3.1 Forms of Energy Kinetic Energy The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on: An object’s mass An object’s speed Kinetic energy

3.1 Forms of Energy Kinetic Energy (cont.) Kinetic energy increases as the mass of the object increases. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

Kinetic Energy (cont.)

3.1 Forms of Energy Compare the kinetic energy of the two cars if they have the same speed.

Potential Energy Three types of potential energy are: 3.1 Forms of Energy Potential Energy Three types of potential energy are: Gravitational potential energy Elastic potential energy Chemical potential energy Potential energy

Gravitational Potential Energy 3.1 Forms of Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Due to downward pull of Earth’s gravity The amount of gravitational potential energy depends on: An object’s mass An object’s height above the ground

Elastic Potential Energy 3.1 Forms of Energy Elastic Potential Energy Is energy stored when an object is squeezed or stretched

Chemical Potential Energy 3.1 Forms of Energy Chemical Potential Energy Energy stored in bonds between the atoms that make up matter

Light Energy Is the energy carried by light waves 3.1 Forms of Energy Light Energy Is the energy carried by light waves Spreads out in all directions

3.1 Forms of Energy Thermal Energy Energy that moves from one place to another due to differences in temperature Moves from warmer objects to cooler objects

Which of the following has kinetic energy? A a stretched elastic band 3.1 Forms of Energy A B C D Which of the following has kinetic energy? A a stretched elastic band B a rolling ball C a cup of hot cocoa D a quart of oil Lesson 1 Review

What unit is used to measure energy? A gram (g) B meter (m) 3.1 Forms of Energy A B C D What unit is used to measure energy? A gram (g) B meter (m) C joule (J) D pound (lb) Lesson 1 Review

How is chemical potential energy stored? A in the bonds between atoms 3.1 Forms of Energy A B C D How is chemical potential energy stored? A in the bonds between atoms B in high-speed movement C through compression D in light waves Lesson 1 Review

End of Lesson 1

3.2 Energy Transfer work wave fuel friction

Energy Transfer A moving object transfers energy. Kinetic energy of the ball is transferred to the pins when the ball hits the pins.

Energy Transfer (cont.)

3.2 Energy Transfer Work The transfer of energy that occurs when a push or pull moves an object

3.2 Energy Transfer Wave A disturbance in a material that transfers energy without transferring matter Three types of waves: Water waves Sound waves Electromagnetic waves Waves

Energy Comes in different forms 3.2 Energy Transfer Energy Comes in different forms Can be transferred from one place to another Can be converted from one form to another

Types of Energy Conversions 3.2 Energy Transfer Types of Energy Conversions Potential energy to kinetic energy Converting chemical potential energy Thermal energy to kinetic energy Kinetic energy to thermal energy How is energy converted from one form to another?

Converting Potential Energy to Kinetic Energy 3.2 Energy Transfer Converting Potential Energy to Kinetic Energy When you throw a ball upward, the ball’s kinetic energy changed into potential energy. All kinetic energy has been converted to potential energy when the ball reaches its highest point. As the ball falls down, potential energy is converted back into kinetic energy.

A converts potential energy into kinetic energy 3.2 Energy Transfer A B C D When wood burns, it ____. A converts potential energy into kinetic energy B converts kinetic energy into thermal energy C converts thermal energy into kinetic energy D converts chemical potential energy into thermal and radiant energy Lesson 2 Review

Which of the following is the BEST example of work? A holding a book 3.2 Energy Transfer A B C D Which of the following is the BEST example of work? A holding a book B reading a book C lifting a book in your backpack D standing on a book Lesson 2 Review

Which of the following statements about waves is NOT true? 3.2 Energy Transfer A B C D Which of the following statements about waves is NOT true? A All waves transport at least some matter. B Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space. C Waves are disturbances that transfer energy. D Sound waves transfer kinetic energy. Lesson 2 Review

End of Lesson 2

3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat thermal expansion heat

3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material Temperature of an object depends on how fast the particles in an object move

Temperature and Particles in Motion 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Temperature and Particles in Motion Heating a balloon causes particles to move faster and take up more space.

3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Thermal Expansion An increase in the volume of a substance when the temperature increases

Measuring Temperature 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Measuring Temperature Practical method to measure temperature is to use a thermometer Three common temperature scales: Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin

Measuring Temperature (cont.) 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Identify the temperature at which water boils on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. Measuring Temperature (cont.)

Heat Energy transfers from a hot object to a cooler object 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat Heat Energy transfers from a hot object to a cooler object Thermal energy transfers until both objects reach the same temperature

The volume of a substance ____ when its temperature increases. 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat A B C D The volume of a substance ____ when its temperature increases. A decreases B increases C remains the same D is cut in half Lesson 3 Review

What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale? A 0 K B 100 K 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat A B C D What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale? A 0 K B 100 K C 273 K D 373 K Lesson 3 Review

A a measure of the volume of an object or material 3.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat A B C D What is temperature? A a measure of the volume of an object or material B a measure of the average amount of kinetic energy of the particles in a material C the average amount of potential energy of the particles in a material D the transfer of radiant energy from an object Lesson 3 Review

End of Lesson 3

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation conductor fluid convection density convection current radiation

Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy Conduction Convection Radiation

Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy (cont.) 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy (cont.)

Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy (cont.) 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Three Methods of Transferring Thermal Energy (cont.)

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Particles bounce against one another, transferring energy throughout the material Thermal energy is conducted through a solid object as energy is passed from one particle to the next. Conduction occurs in all materials.

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Conduction (cont.) Conductors are materials in which thermal energy moves quickly. Insulators are materials in which thermal energy moves slowly.

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Conduction (cont.)

Convection Occurs because of differences in density of a material 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Convection Occurs because of differences in density of a material Only takes place in fluids such as liquids and gases

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Convection Currents When a fluid is heated from below, differences in fluid density create convection currents.

Radiation Transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Radiation Transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves Thermal energy can be transferred by radiation within matter and through space. Is the process that transfers energy from the Sun to Earth

3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Heat Transfer

When the temperature of a material increases, its density ____. 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation A B C D When the temperature of a material increases, its density ____. A decreases B increases C doubles D remains the same Lesson 4 Review

Which type of thermal transfer can occur through matter or space? 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation A B C D Which type of thermal transfer can occur through matter or space? A fluid transfer B convection C conduction D radiation Lesson 4 Review

Which of the following is a good conductor? A wood B steel 3.4 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation A B C D Which of the following is a good conductor? A wood B steel C fiberglass D air Lesson 4 Review

End of Lesson 4

Chapter Resources Menu Chapter Assessment California Standards Practice Concepts in Motion Image Bank Science Online Interactive Table Virtual Lab BrainPOP Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding feature.

A a rock falling from a cliff B a burning candle Which of the following is an example of gravitational potential energy changing into kinetic energy? A a rock falling from a cliff B a burning candle C wind pushing a sailboat D lifting a box Chapter Assessment 1

How would an increase in sea temperature affect sea level? B C D How would an increase in sea temperature affect sea level? A Sea levels would fall. B Sea levels would remain the same. C Sea levels would rise. D Sea levels would rise and then fall. Chapter Assessment 2

A The material must be a solid. C D Which of the following conditions must be present in a material in order for a convection current to form? A The material must be a solid. B The temperature of the material must be constant throughout. C The density of the material must be the same throughout. D none of the above Chapter Assessment 3

A B C D Which of the following is responsible for your hands feeling warm when holding a warm cup? A convection B conduction C radiation D insulation Chapter Assessment 4

“Radiant energy” refers to the energy carried by what type of wave? A water wave B shock wave C electromagnetic wave D sound wave Chapter Assessment 5

SCI 3.b A B C D When a log is burned in a fireplace, most of the energy that is released becomes ____ energy. A light B thermal C chemical D kinetic CA Standards Practice 1

Energy can be carried from one place to another by ____. A heating SCI 3.a A B C D Energy can be carried from one place to another by ____. A heating B waves C moving objects D all of the above CA Standards Practice 2

In what manner does thermal energy move through a brick? A conduction SCI 3.c A B C D In what manner does thermal energy move through a brick? A conduction B radiation C gravitationally D convection CA Standards Practice 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of radiation? SCI 3.d A B C D Which of the following is a characteristic of radiation? A Radiation can only transfer energy through matter. B Radiation can transfer energy between objects. C Radiation creates a glowing effect. D Radiation cannot transfer thermal energy. CA Standards Practice 4

A differences in density in a fluid SCI 3.c What is primarily responsible for convection currents forming in a material? A differences in density in a fluid B the volume of an object shrinks when heated C an object’s solid nature D similar temperatures in a fluid CA Standards Practice 5

Concepts in Motion 1

Concepts in Motion 2

Concepts in Motion 3

Image Bank

Interactive Table

End of Resources