Ch. 4 Types of Energy

Energy Energy: the ability to do work

Work Work: when a force moves an object to a new location Force and movement must be in the same direction

Equation for Work Work = Force x Distance W= F x D How much work happens when you push a box with a force of 3Newtons for 5 meters? W= 3N x 5m W=15 Joules

How much work happens when you push a book with a force of 2 Newtons for 7 meters? W= 2N x 7m W= 14 Joules

Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can be transferred or transformed into other types of energy.

Kinetic Energy that is being used In motion

Potential Energy Energy that is not being used, but could be. Stored energy

Mechanical Energy Energy used to do work kinetic

Thermal Energy “heat energy” The energy that makes atoms and molecules move and vibrate kinetic

Electrical Energy Energy of a particle moving through a wire kinetic

Magnetic Energy Energy causing a push or a pull kinetic

Chemical Energy Energy that is released when atoms and molecules react with each other Stored in food and fuel potential

Elastic Energy Energy stored in objects that are stretched potential

Nuclear Energy Energy stored in the nucleus potential

Gravitational energy Energy stored in an object when it is above the earth’s surface Potential

Thermal Energy And Sensation of Heat Why does your hand feel cold when you hold an ice cube? Why does your hand feel warm when you hold a cup of hot chocolate?

Thermal energy flows from the warmer object to the cooler object You feel the transfer of thermal energy.

3 ways Thermal Energy Moves Conduction Convection Radiation

Conduction Transfer of thermal energy through atoms and molecules bumping into each other

Convection Transfer of thermal energy by means of circulating liquids and gases

Convection Color Dye Convection

convection

Radiation Transfer of heat and light through electromagnetic waves Infrared rays: the invisible waves of energy that are radiated by an object

Types of Energy Transfer