Unit Seven Block Four Lecture The Legacy of the Byzantine Empire World History I Unit Seven Block Four Lecture The Legacy of the Byzantine Empire

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The Great Schism Click me As the Roman Empire collapses, people in the east (Byzantine) begin to think differently than people in the west Church leaders in Rome try to keep the church unified but it is too hard Cultural and political differences between the east and the west weaken church unity and it finally splits in two The split is known as the “Great Schism” or “Church Schism” of 1054 CE/AD. Now we have the Roman Catholic Church (west) and the Greek Orthodox church (east)

Why does the church split in two? Click Here Different beliefs Differences in authority Differences in location Orthodox services use Greek instead of Latin different Holy Days (Christmas (Catholic) vs. Easter (Orthodox); use of religious images (icons) in the Orthodox Church; celibacy (Western religious officials are celibate); and basic religious differences regarding the workings of god The Pope leads the Roman Church; Patriarchs lead the Orthodox Church; Byzantine Emperors did not accept the Pope as religious leader Constantinople was the center of Christian orthodoxy the Roman Catholic Church was centered in Rome

What are the effects of the split? Click me Byzantine and Russian churches are controlled by Emperors whereas the Pope is in sole control of the Roman Catholic Church The Orthodox Church spreads to Russia and there is a lack of contact with western culture within Russia empire and eastern Europe The Greek language separates Byzantium from Latin speaking western countries where we find the Roman Catholic Church Russian Orthodox Patriarch Kirill Pope Francis

Speaking of the Russians Prince Oleg of Russia first visits Constantinople in 907 CE/AD The Byzantine Empire influences Russian religion and culture through trade between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea As the church moves into Russia, Saint Cyril adapts the Greek alphabet to Slavic language and creates the Cyrillic alphabet Church Architecture changes to include “onion domes” like those on St. Basils. Russia adopts Orthodox Christianity including religious art (mosaics, icons) Click me

The end of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire Click me The Byzantine Empire declines after Justinian dies because there is no good leader to replace him. Because of this, The Empire loses territory from 700 CE/AD forward Costly wars further weaken the empire Constantinople is sacked (looted) by Christian crusaders in 1204 CE/AD and retaken The Ottoman Turks (who are Islamic) begin invading the Empire in beginning in 1329 CE/AD Constantinople finally falls to Mehmet II (Ottoman Sultan) after being defended by joint Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christian forces