Glencoe McGraw-Hill The World & Its People Chapter 1 Looking at the Earth Section 4 Landforms & Waterways

1.4 Landforms & Waterways Section Objectives Describe the Earth’s major landforms. Explain how landforms affect where people live.

I. Types of Landforms http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/inside.html http://csider.pumasonline.com/assignmts/assignmt_files/ec_investigation/ec_investigation_of_landforms.htm

I. Types of Landforms Mountains & hills differ in that mountains have high peaks & steep, rugged slopes. Hills are lower & more rounded.

Landforms http://6thlf.homestead.com/Landforms.html

I. Types of Landorms Between mountains & hills lie valleys. A valley is a long stretch of land lower than the land on either side. Canyons are steep-sided lowlands that rivers have cut through a plateau.

Rafters floating down the Colorado River through the Grand Canyon Mark Lellouch, NPS

Death Valley Author: Jon Sullivan

I. Types of Landforms Plains & plateaus are mostly different in elevation, or their height above sea level. Plains are low-lying stretches of flat or gentle rolling land. Plateaus are also flat, but they have a higher elevation.

I. Types of Landforms A narrow piece of land that connects 2 larger pieces of land is known as an isthmus. A peninsula is a piece of land with water on 3 sides. A body of land completely surrounded by water is known as an island.

Catalina Island is approx 20 miles off the coast of Los Angeles Catalina Island is approx 20 miles off the coast of Los Angeles. Owned by the Wrigley Family (Wrigley gum) until 1975 when most of the island became part of the Catalina Island Conservancy. This picture is of the isthmus and the town of Two Harbors. Catalina Island 03/31/10 19:12

Yucatan Peninsula http://www.infoplease.com/atlas/mexico.html

Mackinac Island, MI Marquette Park on Mackinac Island.

I. Types of Landforms A plateau that stretches for several miles underwater is called a continental shelf. Valleys on the ocean floor, the lowest spots in the earth’s crust, are called trenches. avhs.ednet.ns.ca

I. Types of Landforms Humans have settled on all types of landforms. Climate & availability of resources are 2 reason people might choose to live in a particular area.

II. Bodies of Water http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/inside.html

II. Bodies of Water About 70% of the earth’s surface is water. Of that, most is salt water. Oceans, seas, gulfs & bays are made up of salt water. Humans can drink only freshwater, found in lakes, rivers, ponds, & streams.

II. Bodies of Water A strait and a channel are similar in that they are both bodies of water between 2 pieces of land, and they connect 2 larger bodies of water. A channel is wider than a strait.

Straight of Gibraltar Ferry — Megan Cytron

Muddy puddle’: the English Channel is dark and cold, perhaps a little like the people it protects  Photo: PA http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/uk/6018187/The-lure-of-the-English-Channel.html

II. Bodies of Waters A river’s source is where it originates, usually high in mountains. The mouth of a river is where it empties into another body of water.

II. Bodies of Water Deltas are deposits of soil, which build up over time at the mouth of the river.

the figure shows part of a map of the mouth of the Mississippi River, where the bird-foot-shaped delta can be seen clearly. The colors indicate channel deposits (mustard), sand ridges (yellow), swamps (light green), and marshes (dark green).