Rizal’s Last Trip Abroad

España Steamer that brought Rizal to Manila He was accompanied by Josephine, Narcisa, Angelica(Narcisa’s daughter) The ship traversed through: Dumaguete – Capital of Negros Oriental Where Rizal visited his former classmate Herrero Regidor, a judge in the province He operated a Spanish captain of the guardia civil Cebu – where he did operations of strabotomy – one on the ears and one tumor Iloilo – where he went shopping and visited Molo Church

Isla de Luzon – ship going to Spain When Rizal arrived in Manila he missed the ship but he was transferred by Gov. Gen. Blanco to the Spanish cruiser Castilla. Here Rizal stayed for a month while waiting for another steamer that will bring him to Spain.

Philippine Revolution Started Fr. Mariano Gil – discovered the secret society (Katipunan) and reported to the Spanish authorities Cry of Balintawak – where Bonifacio together with the Katipuneros tore their cedulas aggravated the discovery

Departure for Spain August 30, 1896 – the day when the state of war was proclaimed in the eight provinces, Rizal received two letters from Gov. Gen. Blanco. These were letters of introduction to the Minister of War and Minister of Colonies The day before his departure, he wrote to his mother.

Isla de Panay – the steamer that will bring Rizal to Barcelona, Spain. Together with Rizal was Don Pedro Roxas and his son. The two disembarked at Singapore. Don Pedro advised Rizal to seek help from the British government. Rizal ignored it for he believed that the Gov. Gen. has a word of honor.

Governor General Ramon Blanco Promised Rizal that he will serve as physician-surgeon of the Spanish army in Cuba because the war is raging there.

Gov. Gen. Blanco, together with the Ministers of Colonies and War were exchanging telegrams and confidential messages for the arrest of Rizal upon reaching Barcelona and that he was a deportee and was being secretly kept under surveillance.

Rizal on his way to Spain He was warned by a passenger while sailing in the Suez Canal, that he will be arrested when they reached Barcelona Shocked by the alarming news, he wrote to his best friend, Ferdinand Blumentritt.

Arrival in Barcelona as a Prisoner After 30 days the Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona. Rizal was confined in his cabin He was arrested by former Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol, the man who placed him in exile in Dapitan now serving as the Military Commander of Barcelona.

Monjuich – an infamous fortress in Madrid where Rizal was imprisoned Colon – the steamer that brought Rizal to Manila from Madrid.

Rizal’s Last Homecoming

Everyday, since leaving Spain, Rizal recorded the events in his diary. On board he was informed that he is blamed because of the bloody revolution in the Philippines. His diary was confiscated and was scrutinized by authorities.

Friends in Singapore wanted to save Rizal Antonio Ma. Regidor and friend Sixto Lopez from London dispatched telegrams to an English lawyer named Hugh Fort to rescue Rizal from the steamer once it reached Singapore. Hugh Fort – claimed that Rizal was illegally detained in the steamer.

Chief Justice Loinel Fox – denied the claim since the steamer Colon is a Spanish warship and thus it is beyond Singapore’s jurisdiction. Rizal was unaware of the plan

Rizal arrived in Manila Rizal was quietly transferred to Fort Santiago The Filipino patriots were tortured to implicate Rizal Deodato Arellano Moises Salvador Domingo Franco Pedro Serrano-Laktaw Pio Valenzuela Jose Dizon Timoeto Paez

Paciano Mercado – his left hand crushed by screw

Preliminary Investigation Judge Advocate Colonel Francisco Olive – informed Rizal of the charges and was not permitted to confront those who those who testified against him. Two kinds of evidences against Rizal Documentary Testimonial

Documentary Evidences A letter from Antonio Luna to Mariano Ponce in Madrid showing Rizal’s connection with the Filipino reform campaign in Spain. A letter of Rizal to his family stating that the deportations are good for they will encourage the people to hate tyranny. A letter from Marcelo H. del Pilar to Deodato Arellano implicating Rizal in the Propaganda Campain in Spain.

A poem entitled Kundiman A letter of Carlos Oliver to an unidentified person in Barcelona, describing Rizal as the man to free the Philippines from Spanish oppression. A Masonic document in Manila, honoring Rizal for his patriotic services

A letter of Dimas Alang to Ten Luz (Juan Zulueta) in Hong Kong, stating that he was preparing a safe refuge for Filipinos who may be persecuted by the Spanish authorities A letter of Dimas Alang to an unidentified committee in Hong Kong, soliciting the aid of the Committee in the patriotic work An anonymous and undated letter to the Editor of the Hong Kong Telegraph, censoring

An anonymous and undated letter to the Editor of the Hong Kong Telegraph, censoring the banishment of Rizal to Dapitan A letter of Ildefonso Laurel to Rizal in Manila, saying that the Filipino people look up to him as their savior

A letter of Ildefonso Laurel to Rizal informing an unidentified correspondent of the arrest and banishment of Doroteo Cortes and Ambrosio Salvador A letter of Plaridel to Ten Luz in Madrid, recommending the establishment of a social organization independent of Masonry, to help the cause of the Filipino people.

Transcript of speech of Pingkian (Emilio Jacinto) in a Katipunan Reunion in which the following cry was uttered, “ Long Live the Philippines! Long Live Liberty! Long Live Dr. Rizal! Long Live Unity!” Transcript of speech of Tiktik (Jose Turiano Santiago) in the same event where the Katipuneros shouted, “Long Live the eminent Dr. Rizal, death to the oppressor of the nation”

Poem by Laong Laan (Rizal) entitled Talisay in which the author makes the Dapitan schoolboys sing that they know how to fight for their rights.

Testimonial Evidences Martin Constantino Aguedo del Rosario Jose Reyes Moises Salvador Pedro Serrano Laktaw Jose Dizon Pio Valenzuela Antonio Salazar Domingo Franco Timoteo Paez Francisco Quison

Captain Rafael Dominguez – Special Judge Advocate appointed by Gov. Gen. Blanco to institute corresponding action to Rizal.

Judge Advocate General Don Nicolas de la Peña – was asked by Gov. Gen Judge Advocate General Don Nicolas de la Peña – was asked by Gov. Gen. Blanco for an opinion and recommendation about the case The accused by immediately brought to trial He should be kept in prison An order of attachment be issued against his property to the amount of one million pesos as indemnity He should be defended by an army officer

Luis Taviel de Andrade 1st Lieutenant of the Artillery Brother of Rizal’s body guard in Calamba Was personally chosen by Rizal over a list of 100 1st and 2nd lieutenants.

Charges against Rizal Accused of being the principal organizer and the living soul of the Filipino insurrection The founder of the societies, periodicals, and books dedicated to fomenting and propagating ideas of rebellion

Rizal raised no objection on the jurisdiction of the court but pleaded NOT GUILTY to the crime of REBELLION

Governor General Camilo de Polavieja Succeeded Ramon Blanco as Governor General with the help of the powerful Dominican Friars.

Rizal Wrote a Manifesto to the Filipinos On December 15, 1896, Rizal wrote a manifesto to his people appealing to them to stop the necessary shedding of blood and to achieve their liberties by means of education and industry.

Rizal’s saddest Christmas He spent his last Christmas on earth by writing to his counsel, thanking him in advance for defending him