Greek Mythology Review Test 4/5(B), 4/6(A) Greek Mythology Review

Greek Myths, Culture Greek myths changed over time Homer – 1st to write down myths Greeks retold myths in drama, poetry Rome – followed Greece as the great civilization in Europe

Greek Myths Central conflict = fathers vs. sons Humans not important in Greek mythology Heroes = extraordinary, not necessarily good

Greek gods Look like humans Live on Mt. Olympus No designated ruler of Mt. Olympus Not always ethical or just Every village has favorite

In the beginning… Chaos = 1st entity Chaos  Erebus, Night Death + Darkness  Love Love  Light, Day Earth + Heaven Hundred Handed Cyclopes Titans

Era of the Titans Earth & Cronus rebel Cronus castrates Heaven, becomes ruler Aphrodite, Giants, Furies created Cronus swallows his children Rhea hides Zeus, gives Cronus stone to swallow Zeus makes Cronus vomit children

Rebellion of the Olympians Titans vs. Gods Gods helped by Prometheus, Cyclopes Gods win Zeus becomes ruler Titans imprisoned below earth Atlas holds up sky Men are created

Creation of Humans Four races of Man (sometimes Five) Gold Silver Bronze (Heroes) Iron

Zeus King of the gods God of the Sky Lustful

Zeus’ Children Athena – born out of Zeus’ head from Zeus and Metis or from Zeus alone Horae – Law&Order, Justice, Peace Moirai – Fates – gave out life spans, good, and evil Graces – beauty, charm, grace Muses – Art, poetry, science (9 daughters) Apollo & Artemis

Zeus & Hera Zeus marries Hera after tricking her Hera’s jealousy and Zeus’ infidelity creates rocky marriage Hera punishes Zeus’ lovers, children Children Ares Hebe – a goddess of youth Eileithyia – goddess of childbirth

Hades King of the Underworld Kidnaps Persephone Mother – Demeter gets angry Demeter = Goddess of Harvest/Crops Seasons

Athena Goddess of Wisdom, Defensive War Parthenon Temple in Athens Bronze and gold statue of Athena

Prometheus Name means forethought Brother Epimetheus (afterthought) Gave fire to humans Possibly created humans

Pandora 1st woman Given to mankind as punishment when Prometheus tricks Zeus Has a jar/box filled with evil Releases evil into world Left with hope

Heracles Son of Zeus Becomes immortal at end of life

Prophecy Oracle – Tells clues about the future in language no one can understand Cassandra – Apollo gives gift of prophecy, curse that no one will believe her

Oedipus Kills father Marries mother

Trojan War Argument among Hera, Aphrodite, Athena Paris chooses Aphrodite as most beautiful Paris kidnaps Helen Greek warriors come to get Helen back 10 year war Trojan Horse