Study Trial design No. of patients Randomisation Outcomes assessed

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Table 3 | Fully published placebo-controlled trials in using mesalazine in diverticular disease Study Trial design No. of patients Randomisation Outcomes assessed Length of follow-up Results Kruis et al. Double-blind, randomised, Placebo controlled 117 Mesalazine granules 3 g/day vs. Placebo in SUDD Pain control in SUDD 4 Mesalazine had higher percentage of pain control (62.5% vs. 50.81%, P = 0.374 on ITT and P = 0.05 on PP) Tursi 210 Mesalazine Eudragit L 2.4 g/day vs. Mesalazine 2.4 g/day + Lactobacillus casei 750 mg/day vs. Lactobacillus casei 750 mg/day vs. placebo Reducing gastrointestinal Symptoms in SUDD Preventing diverticulitis occurrence 12 Mesalazine, alone or in combination, had high remission rate (93.33% and 85.45% vs. 54%, P = 0.0001)*. Mesalazine, alone or in combination, had lower diverticulitis occurrence (0% and 1.81% vs. 12%, P = 0.003)* Stollman Mesalazine Eudragit L 2.4 g/day vs. Mesalazine 2.4 g/day + Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 vs. placebo following acute diverticulitis Reducing gastrointestinal symptoms Preventing diverticulitis recurrence Mesalazine, alone or in combination, had higher symptoms’ improvement rate (59.3% and 54.8% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.0346)*. Mesalazine, alone or in combination, had no higher remission rate in preventing diverticulitis recurrence (28.1%, 37% vs. 31% placebo, P = n.s.)* Parente 92 Mesalazine Eudragit L 2.4 g/day for 10 days/month vs. placebo following acute diverticulitis Improvement quality of life 24 Mesalazine had higher but no significant remission rate in preventing diverticulitis recurrence (13% vs. 28%, P = 0.1011)*. Mesalazine had higher quality of life score (P = 0.022)* Raskin 1182 (590 in PREVENT1 and 592 in PREVENT 2) Mesalazine MMX 1.6 g/day vs. 2.4 g/day vs. 4.8 g/day vs. placebo following acute diverticulitis Preventing diverticulitis Mesalazine did not reduce the rate of diverticulitis recurrence both in PREVENT 1 (53–63% vs. 65%, P = n.s.)* and in PREVENT 2 (59–69% vs. 68%, P = n.s.)* ITT, intention-to-treat analysis; PP, per-protocol analysis; SUDD, Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease. *All results reported are on ITT analysis.