Nationalism as an Ideology

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Presentation transcript:

Nationalism as an Ideology CHY4U Unit 3 Activity 3

Ideology Definitions “a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.” “manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an individual, group, or culture.” Does nationalism fit?

Nationalism Words Nation Citizen Country Patriotism Independence Autonomy Community Centralization Beliefs Loyalty Shared consciousness Superiority Was Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence an act of nationalism?

Nationalism Definition Write your own definition:

Nationalism in the French Revolution Was Jacques Louis David’s idealistic painting, the Tennis Court Oath, an act of French nationalism?

Nationalism in the French Revolution? Supreme Being War to spread the revolution?

The Haiti Effect After two revolutions led by the enslaved people of St. Domingue (France’s most important sugar-producing colony), Haiti became an independent country. None of the major powers wanted this to happen: France, Britain and Spain all tried to reverse the revolution and turn Haiti back into a colony. They did not succeed. Look at the map on the next slide. What relationship can you find between the successful revolution in Haiti and all of the subsequent countries that became independent?

Context for Bolivar in South America  Peninsulares = Spanish-born officials; they dominate the church and state. $ Creoles = European descended Latin Americans; they own mines, ranches, haciendas, but they resent their low status, especially merchants because of their complaints about mercantilism. * Mestizos = people of mixed Native and European descent (lower than whites). ^ Mulattoes = people of mixed African and European descent (lower than whites). Who was most likely to lead nationalistic revolts?

1808: Spain was invaded by Napoleon Napoleon (the French Emperor) placed his brother Joseph on the Spanish throne, therefore the South Americans took advantage of this perceived weakness (because the Spanish people didn’t want to have a foreign ruler) 1810: Bolivar led an uprising in Venezuela; it became a republic. But it fell apart and civil war began; Bolivar was exiled to Haiti 1819: Bolivar attacked the Spanish in Bogota, capital of New Grenada He traveled over the Andes 1821: Bolivar freed Caracas in Venezuela from Spanish rule (he was now called “El Liberador”). Went on to Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and joined with fellow revolutionary Jose de San Martin. 1822 -1824: Final victory – all the places were united into Gran Colombia Eventually it split into Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador because of civil wars. “We have achieved our independence at the expense of everything else.”

Bolivar and Nationalism