Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration The process that cells use to break down glucose to release energy in the presence of Oxygen (O2)

Energy in the cell is available in the form of certain compounds, such as ATP - (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Hmm… Explain how ATP and ADP cycle like a rechargeable battery for a phone.

(Lactic acid fermentation or Overview: Cellular Respiration Aerobic Respiration i) Krebs Cycle ii) Electron transport chain Fermentation Anaerobic pathway (Lactic acid fermentation or Alcohol fermentation) Glycolysis O2 present O2 absent

Cellular Respiration of 1 Glucose molecule Glycolysis = 6 ATP Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain = 30 ATP Grand Total of 36 ATP molecules from 1 Glucose!

If O2 is NOT present: Fermentation occurs (anaerobic respiration meaning that oxygen is not required) Two types of fermentation: Alcoholic Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation Used by yeast and a few other microorganisms. Produces Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 as wastes. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

Lactic Acid Fermentation Produced in many cells including your muscles. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Lactic Acid + NAD+ Lactic Acid is produced during rapid exercise, causing a painful, burning sensation. This effect is reduced with potassium.

Review When oxygen is present most the ATP made in cellular respiration is produced by: A. aerobic respiration B. glycolysis C. alcoholic fermentation D. lactic acid fermentation

Photosynthesis Learning Goal 5-6

Chloroplast The organelle that does PHOTOSYNTHESIS Parts: Turns sunlight into food energy (sugar) Parts: Thylakoid Green coins Granum Stack of thylakoids Stroma Outer jelly substance

Review Which organelle does photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis Equation Light Energy Chloroplast CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

Photosynthesis Equation Reactants: what the plant needs Water (H2O) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Sunlight Products: what the plant makes Oxygen (O2) Sugar = Glucose (C6H12O6) 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight  6O2 + C6H12O6

Review What are the reactants in photosynthesis? What are the products?

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Temperature The more reactants the faster it goes Eventually photosynthesis reaches a maximum speed If you are missing ANY reactant (ingredient), photosynthesis will stop

Review What temperatures might slow down photosynthesis? If a plant has an unlimited amount of reactants, will photosynthesis speed up forever? What can stop photosynthesis?