TJTS505: Master's Thesis Seminar Lecture 5: PREPARE Preliminary Literature review Gaurav pandey Department of CS-IS, JYU

Literature review Typically starting point of research work as well as thesis writing Piece of text that contains currently available knowledge, related research and status of the research topic in question Presentation of the available literature from author’s research perspective Motivates the research topic by pointing out the gaps Shows author’s command on the research topic Author’s new contribution is not presented in detail Process helps in consolidating aims and improving perspective

LITERATURE REVIEW: structure Introduction: Brief introduction of general concepts and terminology Review and analysis of available literature: Current status of research viewpoints and approaches Identification of research gap Conclusion Conclude the review by focusing on key points and the identified research

Literature review: Methodology Discover the main aim of your thesis Read various good quality research papers Analyze the knowledge gained by reading Find the research gaps to motivate your research Based on the knowledge gained in the process, redefine your aim (if required) Reach a conclusion

To analyze the progress of a specific stream of research Webster, J., & Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly, 26(2), 13-23 Purpose Define the purpose and intended goals of the review Protocol and training Define the research question and the keywords that will be used literature search. The keywords shall cover the subject matter. If multiple persons work on the review, they shall agree on the detailed procedure to be followed, to ensure consistency. Searching for the literature Systematic literature search, assuring the comprehensiveness of the search. Initial online review through open access databases (Google Scholar), specific subject databases (ProQuest, Scopus, EBSCO, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library) “Backward search” by checking the references in key articles “Forward search” by checking who was citing the key articles (“Cited by” in Google Scholar) Asking for further references by contacting experts in the field Practical screen (for inclusion) Using pre-defined criteria for judging (based on abstracts) whether a paper is of reasonable quality Whether study’s content is relevant to the research question Other criteria (e.g., including only empirical works, only works from specific top-journals, date of the publication, etc.) Quality appraisal (screening for exclusion) Using pre-defined criteria for judging (based on abstracts) whether a paper is of poor quality and therefore will be excluded For quantitative works: judging an article’s data collection methodology, interventions, analysis, results and conclusions. For qualitative works: judging how the arguments are built: deductive vs. inductive reasoning, evidence used to support claims. Data extraction Extract the applicable information from each study, based on the research question. Synthesis of studies (analysis) Combining the facts extracted from the studies Quantitative synthesis: synthesis by aggregation (meta-analysis) of the extracted information. Qualitative synthesis: synthesis by interpretation and synthesis by explanation. Writing Reporting the procedure of literature review and the results of the synthesis: Describing how the literature review was done. Presenting the results of the synthesis (the main part of the writing): describing the findings narratively, and making a summary table or figure (see e.g. “Concept Matrix” (Webster and Watson 2002)*). Drawing conclusions: what has been and what has not been done (sufficiently well), what should been done in the future. Purpose To analyze the progress of a specific stream of research To make recommendations for future research To review the application of one theoretical model To review the application of one methodological approach To develop a model or framework To answer a specific research question

homework Try to make your preliminary literature review (1-2 pages) Email: gpandey_01@yahoo.com Subject of your email: TJTS505: Prelim Literature Review + Your full name Deadline: 6 PM, December 4 Demonstrate your preliminary literature review Oral presentation with slides Time: December 5