TIPS FOR ADDING PARENTHETICAL NOTATION & BIBLIOGRAPHIES BHS History

When do you need to add parenthetical notation? When you include a direct quote that you got out of a book When you include a fact or idea that you learned from your research and which most people don’t know.

TRY THIS: Where would you put it? Capone frequently gave back to the public and acted charitable, causing many citizens, especially the poor, to advocate for him. During a time of crushing economic depression, Capone was there to help. The Chicagoan gangster ran one of the few soup kitchens in Chicago. With over 100,000 unemployed in Chicago, Capone fed 3,000 unemployed people a day. In the eyes of the poor, Capone was a hero who seemed to be doing more for the needy than the government.

TRY THIS: Where would you put it? Capone frequently gave back to the public and acted charitable, causing many citizens, especially the poor, to advocate for him (HERE). During a time of crushing economic depression, Capone was there to help. The Chicagoan gangster ran one of the few soup kitchens in Chicago (HERE). With over 100,000 unemployed in Chicago, Capone fed 3,000 unemployed people a day (HERE). In the eyes of the poor, Capone was a hero who seemed to be doing more for the needy than the government.

What if all information in a paragraph is from the same source? If everything is from the same source, but different page numbers, you can just list page #s. The Chicagoan gangster ran one of the few soup kitchens in Chicago (Smith 14). With over 100,000 unemployed in Chicago, Capone fed 3,000 unemployed people a day (17). In the eyes of the poor, Capone was a hero who seemed to be doing more for the needy than the government (26).

What if all information in a paragraph is from the same page #? If everything is from the same page, you can just put the citation at the end of the last fact you include. The Chicagoan gangster ran one of the few soup kitchens in Chicago. With over 100,000 unemployed in Chicago, Capone fed 3,000 unemployed people a day. In the eyes of the poor, Capone was a hero who seemed to be doing more for the needy than the government (Smith 26).

How do you know how to format the Parenthetical notation? Parenthetical notation is designed to help a reader find the source you used in your bibliography. THEREFORE, HERE’S THE EASY RULE: You always put in the parentheses whatever is listed 1st for that source in your bibliography And, you add the page # you found the fact, if there is one.

TRY THIS: What’s the Correct Format? If this is the source: Kobler, John. Capone. New York: GP Putnam's Sons, 1971. Print. This is the parenthetical notation: (Kobler 43) "Al Capone." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale, 1998. U.S. History In Context. Web. 23 Apr. 2013. This is the parenthetical notation: (“Al Capone”) Alcatraz History. Ocean View, 2002. Web. 23 Apr. 2013. <http://www.alcatrazhistory.com/cap1.htm>. This is the parenthetical notation: (Alcatraz History)

What are common mistakes to avoid? Don’t include a comma before the pg # WRONG: (Smith, 14) RIGHT: (Smith 14) Don’t add a pg. in the parentheses WRONG: (Smith pg. 3) RIGHT: (Smith 3) Put the period outside the parentheses WRONG: 13,000 died. (Smith 2) RIGHT: 13,000 died (Smith 2).

What should a bibliography look like? Bibliography Balsamo, William, and John Balsamo. Young Al Capone. N.p.: Skyhorse, 2011. Print. Blumenthal, Karen. Bootleg: Murder, Moonshine, and the Lawless Years of Prohibition. New York: Roaring Brook, 2011. Print. DiMauro, Laurie. “Capone, Al (1899-1947).” St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Ed. Sara Pendergast and Tom Pendergast. Vol. 1. Detroit: St. James Press, 2000. 425-426. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 Apr. 2013. Kobler, John. Capone. New York: GP Putnam’s Sons, 1971. Print. Raab, Selwyn. Five Families: The Rise, Decline, and Resurgence of America’s Most Powerful Mafia Empires. N.p.: St. Martin’s Griffin, 2006. Print.

What elements should you not forget? Title! Alphabetical order! Indent after the 1st line of each entry! Fix your entries that have “n.p.” or n.d.” If you export it from Noodletools, this will be done for you!