Welcome to CIS 52 WELCOME WELCOME WELCOME W E L C O M E

Introductions are in order Your name Something about yourself Why are you taking this class? What are your expectations?

Topics Introduction and History of UNIX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

Topics Introduction and History of UNIX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX What was needed: A system that could do more than one thing at a time. A multitasking system. A system that could handle one or more users at a time. A multiuser system. A system that could share selected data with others.

The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX Bell Lab & MIT work on MULTICS (60’s) Bell Labs pull out of project (late 60’s) Ken Thompson with Bell Labs starts work on UNIX using a PDP-7 from DEC. Written in Assembler

The History of UNIX History (continued) Second Version written in ‘B’ 3 advantages: Multiuser Direct user to user communication Data and program sharing Rewritten with Dennis Ritchie using ‘C’ language in 1973

UNIX Turning Point UNIX becomes widely available in 1975 Given to Colleges, including UC Berkeley AT&T develops one branch of the UNIX family System III is first supported release in 1982 System V in the 90’s UC Berkeley comes out with BSD BSD 4

One Idea: Two Paths ATT Version Sun’s Solaris 2.x UNIXware (now part of SCO) IRIX (Silicon Graphics) HP-UX BSD Sunos 4.x BSDi Mach (Nextstep is also an extension of Mach) Ultrix (from DEC)

Convergence AT&T V5R4 Most Commercial Systems are blending UNIX capabilities into a System V R4 ‘AT&T variant’ with BSD ideas and tools mixed in. System Administration are generally Vendor Specific LINUX is now the most famous version, and it is free.

The Search for Standards POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Definition) Defined by IEEE Provides a baseline of compatibility for UNIX variants Sited by large customers in procurements SVID (System V Interface Definition) Defined by ATT (UNIX System Labs)

And yet More Standards OSF (Open Software Foundation) Chartered to define a UNIX like system independent of AT&T and SVID OSF/1 shipped in 1990 based on Carnegie Mellons Mach Operating System upwardly compatible with POSIX XOPEN (International Consortium of UNIX vendors). Publishes Portability Guides

Introduction to UNIX using LINUX LINUX: A Product of the INTERNET Developed by Linus Torvalds Open Source and free distribution UNIX work-alike

Open System Architecture Source code immediately available via the INTERNET Enhancements and extensions from all over the world. Incorporates features from UNIX BSD & System V Free, FREE, FREE (Hooray)

Sir LINUX the humorous Unlike its sibling UNIX with LINUX humor abounds In LINUX  less is more Standard Text editor vi (for visual mode) is now vim (vi plus more) joe – joe’s own editor (written by Joseph Allen)

What’s sooo good about LINUX? Large selection of applications Rapid support for peripheral devices Multi-platform operating environments Code is free for modification and distribution

It’s soooo Good Two trends: LINUX is generic but UNIX is not Advances in hardware tecnology Faster, Cheaper Demise of Proprietary systems because of rapidly changing hardware LINUX is generic but UNIX is not LINUX supports both user and server functions in one operating system.

Topics The History of UNIX : LINUX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

Capabilities Overview UNIX: LINUX as an Operating System UNIX: LINUX as a programming and user tool System Features

LINUX as an Operating System Like Any Operating System LINUX provides: A File System Process Control Memory Management Device Control

LINUX as an Operating System

LINUX As a Tool User Interface (‘The Shell’) Bourne Korn (David Korn of AT&T) C (Bill Joy at UCB) bash ( Bourne again Shell) and 4 zillion more A Collection Of Utility Programs A Philosophy of Programming

System Features Multi User Multi Tasking Many users can be logged in simultaneously Multi Tasking Many tasks can be executing simultaneously User Selectable Command Languages Many “Shells” available Hierarchical File System

System Features (cont.) Hierarchical File System / (aka root) /home /tmp /bin /Alice /Bobby /Carol

System Features (cont.) Compatible File, Device and Interprocess I/O Large Software Base Highly Portable Kernel and Utilities

System Features (cont.) GUI’s (Graphical User Interfaces) X-Windows Gnome KDE Networking Utilities E-mail (sendmail) Remote Access (xrdp rdesktop) Compatibility Utilities dosemu, wine

Topics The History of LINUX LINUX Components LINUX is NOT DOS LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

LINUX at Solano College Raspberry Pi 3 – All in one “credit card” computer Ethernet Wi-Fi Bluetooth

Printing There is one printer on the Linux System, but it is only intended for instruction Use SFTP to get files to your client micro or print them within the SFTP utility program (which uses Windows Notepad when you want to view a file)

Linux Specifics LINUX is a UNIX clone freely distributed by the GNU General Public License Mostly POSIX.1 Compliant Developed by Linus Torvalds ’95-6 at the University of Helsinki, Finland with assistance from many UNIX experts

Topics The History of LINUX LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

UNIX IS NOT DOS Just a few of the DOS commands were modeled after Unix (mkdir, rmdir) Unix comes with a much larger group of utilities, with no standardization in syntax Unix is much more powerful and complex multi user, multitasking, built in networking

Unix Is NOT DOS Programming capability is included in each of the shells Input/output selection (if, case) looping (while, until) signal trapping use of Unix shell redirection and pipes inclusion of any unix utility within a shell script